Reguladores vegetais e fertilizantes foliares na indução floral e produção da lima ácida tahiti (citrus latifólia) e tangerina ponkam (citrus reticulata)
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Data
2022-05-27
Autores
Barbara, Gilson
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o maior produtor de citros do mundo e para manter a uniformidade de produção anual durante a sazonalidade, há a necessidade de se aplicar na agricultura, novas tecnologias para potencializar a produtividade das plantas. As aplicações de reguladores vegetais associados a adubos foliares em frutíferas fazem parte de métodos para padronizar a produção. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a utilização dos reguladores vegetais paclobutrazol (PBZ) e ethephon, associados aos fertilizantes foliares sulfato de potássio e nitrato de cálcio, na indução floral e produção nas culturas da lima ácida tahiti e da tangerina ponkam. O experimento foi conduzido em propriedades localizadas no municipio de Aparecida do Taboado/MS, com deliamento em blocos casualizados, contendo 2 tratamentos (sem/com aplicação dos reguladores vegetais associados aos fertilizantes foliares), com 4 blocos e 50 repetições, sendo cada planta avaliada considerada uma unidade experimental. Aos 150 dias após a aplicação do protocolo utilizado, avaliou-se o número de flores por metro quadrado de copa e o pegamento de frutos nas duas culturas, além do diâmetro dos mesmos. Aproximadamente aos 280 dias após a aplicação do protocolo, avaliou-se peso de frutos colhidos por planta (Kg), número de caixas de frutos colhidos por planta, rentabilidade por planta (R$), produtividade (ton/ha) e rentabilidade por hectare (R$) das duas culturas As plantas de lima ácida tahiti tratadas obtiveram em média 77,24 frutos por m²/copa de planta, enquanto as testemunhas tiveram 16,08 frutos m²/copa. Na tangerina ponkam as plantas tratadas obtiveram 87,49 frutos por m²/copa de plantas, já as testemunhas tiveram 30,94 frutos m²/copa. Com relação à produtividade, para a lima ácida tahiti, com a utilização do protocolo, houve um incremento de 13,43 ton/ha; já para a tangerina ponkam, este incremento foi de 32,13 ton/ha. O escalonamento de produção com a utilização do protocolo possibilitou uma satisfatória comercialização em relação ao preço de mercado, aumentando a produtividade, sendo seu uso fortemente recomendado.
Brazil is the largest citrus producer in the world and to maintain the annual production uniformity during the seazonal, it is necessary to apply in the agriculture, new techonologies in order to potentialise the plants produtivity. The usage of regulators in vegetables crops associated with foliar fertilizer on fruitful plants is part of methods to standardize the production. As a result, the aim of this work was to evaluate the usage of vegetables regulators paclobutazol (PBZ) and ethephon, associated with foliar fertilizers potassium sulphate and calcium nitrate, in floral induction and production on tahiti acid lime and tangerine ponkam crops. The experiment was conducted in lands located in Aparecida do Taboado/MS, with delimitation in randomized blocks, containing 2 treatments (without/with usage of regulators in vegetables crops associated with foliar fertilizer), in 4 blocks and 50 repetition, where each evaluated plant was considered one experimental unit. 150 days after the usage of the protocol, it was evaluated the number of flowers per square metre on the treetop and the ripening of the fruit on the both crop cultivation, besides their diameter. About 280 days after the usage of the protocol, it was evaluated the weight of the picked fruits per plant (Kg), number of boxes of picked fruits per plant, the costeffectiveness per plant (R$), productivity (ton/ha) and yield per hectare (R$) on both crop cultivation. On tahiti acid lime plants treated gained on an average 77,24 fruit per m²/treetop, while the witnesses gained 16,08 fruit m²/treetop. On the tangerine ponkam crop the treated plants gained 87,49 fruit per m²/treetop, while the witnesses gained 30,94 fruit m²/treetop. According to the productivity, for the tahiti acid lime crop, with the usage protocol, there was an increase in 13,43 ton/ha; while for the tangerine ponkam crop, this increase was by 32,13 ton/ha. The escalation of production with the usage of the protocol allowed a satisfying commercialization related to the market price, increasing the productivity, and the usage is well recommended.
Brazil is the largest citrus producer in the world and to maintain the annual production uniformity during the seazonal, it is necessary to apply in the agriculture, new techonologies in order to potentialise the plants produtivity. The usage of regulators in vegetables crops associated with foliar fertilizer on fruitful plants is part of methods to standardize the production. As a result, the aim of this work was to evaluate the usage of vegetables regulators paclobutazol (PBZ) and ethephon, associated with foliar fertilizers potassium sulphate and calcium nitrate, in floral induction and production on tahiti acid lime and tangerine ponkam crops. The experiment was conducted in lands located in Aparecida do Taboado/MS, with delimitation in randomized blocks, containing 2 treatments (without/with usage of regulators in vegetables crops associated with foliar fertilizer), in 4 blocks and 50 repetition, where each evaluated plant was considered one experimental unit. 150 days after the usage of the protocol, it was evaluated the number of flowers per square metre on the treetop and the ripening of the fruit on the both crop cultivation, besides their diameter. About 280 days after the usage of the protocol, it was evaluated the weight of the picked fruits per plant (Kg), number of boxes of picked fruits per plant, the costeffectiveness per plant (R$), productivity (ton/ha) and yield per hectare (R$) on both crop cultivation. On tahiti acid lime plants treated gained on an average 77,24 fruit per m²/treetop, while the witnesses gained 16,08 fruit m²/treetop. On the tangerine ponkam crop the treated plants gained 87,49 fruit per m²/treetop, while the witnesses gained 30,94 fruit m²/treetop. According to the productivity, for the tahiti acid lime crop, with the usage protocol, there was an increase in 13,43 ton/ha; while for the tangerine ponkam crop, this increase was by 32,13 ton/ha. The escalation of production with the usage of the protocol allowed a satisfying commercialization related to the market price, increasing the productivity, and the usage is well recommended.
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Palavras-chave
Citricultura, Uniformidade de produção, Florescimento induzido, Citrus production, Production uniformity, Induced flowering