Fragilidade ambiental da sub-bacia hidrográfica do Rio São Simão: uma análise das ações antropogênicas sobre os municípios de Manhuaçu e Simonésia - MG
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Data
2022-06-20
Autores
Oliveira, Matheus Vargas de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As aplicações intensivas da agricultura e pecuárias, bem como a expansão urbana incongruente com o meio natural, vinculadas ao sistema econômico atual, coloca sobre o meio, uma alta vulnerabilidade que reverberam num desequilíbrios das estruturas e dinâmicas da bacia hidrográfica, repercutindo em uma grande desordem para com os recursos hídricos. Desta forma, o presente trabalho visa integralmente a utilização das geotecnologias, tais como ferramentas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, para identificar as áreas ambientais suscetíveis a processos de resistasia ecológica. Para tal aplicação, desenvolveu-se um estudo na Sub-bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Simão, localizado nos municípios de Manhuaçu e Simonésia - MG. Com a finalidade de verificar os efeitos supracitados, empregaram-se técnicas ligadas a álgebra de mapas, através do método de Análise Multicriterial e da Combinação Linear Ponderada, correlacionado atributos como o uso da terra, classes de solos, declividades e unidades geológicas, os quais são fatores determinantes para obtenção das classes de fragilidade. Desta forma, o resultado obtido apresenta as influências das ações antrópicas sobre a bacia, indicando um grande índice de fragilidade sobre o meio, com mais de 53,96% da bacia comprometida, agravando a dinâmica natural dos corpos hídricos locais, auxiliando na redução dos índices de qualidade ambiental.
The intensive applications of agriculture and livestock, as well as the urban expansion incongruous with the natural environment, linked to the current economic system, places a high vulnerability on the environment that reverberates in an imbalance of the structures and dynamics of the hydrographic basin, resulting in a great disorder. towards water resources. Thus, the present work fully aims at the use of geotechnologies, such as remote sensing and geoprocessing tools, to identify environmental areas susceptible to ecological resistasia processes. For this application, a study was developed in the São Simão River Sub-basin, located in the municipalities of Manhuaçu and Simonésia - MG. In order to verify the aforementioned effects, techniques linked to map algebra were used, through the method of Multicriteria Analysis and Weighted Linear Combination, correlating attributes such as land use, soil classes, slopes and geological units, which are determining factors for obtaining the frailty classes. In this way, the result obtained shows the influences of human actions on the basin, indicating a high rate of fragility on the environment, with more than 53.96% of the basin compromised, aggravating the natural dynamics of local water bodies, helping to reduce environmental quality indices.
The intensive applications of agriculture and livestock, as well as the urban expansion incongruous with the natural environment, linked to the current economic system, places a high vulnerability on the environment that reverberates in an imbalance of the structures and dynamics of the hydrographic basin, resulting in a great disorder. towards water resources. Thus, the present work fully aims at the use of geotechnologies, such as remote sensing and geoprocessing tools, to identify environmental areas susceptible to ecological resistasia processes. For this application, a study was developed in the São Simão River Sub-basin, located in the municipalities of Manhuaçu and Simonésia - MG. In order to verify the aforementioned effects, techniques linked to map algebra were used, through the method of Multicriteria Analysis and Weighted Linear Combination, correlating attributes such as land use, soil classes, slopes and geological units, which are determining factors for obtaining the frailty classes. In this way, the result obtained shows the influences of human actions on the basin, indicating a high rate of fragility on the environment, with more than 53.96% of the basin compromised, aggravating the natural dynamics of local water bodies, helping to reduce environmental quality indices.
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Análise multicriterial, AHP, SIG, Manejo hídrico, Multi-criteria analysis, GIS, Water management