Estudo do processo de reparo ao redor de implantes instalados em seio maxilar com superfície modificada por condicionamento com e sem a deposição de β-tricálcio-fosfato: avaliação biomecânica, histométrica e microtomográfica
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Data
2019-09-22
Autores
Jesus, Kátia Gonçalves de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do recobrimento por β-tricálcio fosfato da superfície de implantes modificados por condicionamento ácido implantados em seios maxilares de coelhos imediatamente após a elevação da membrana sinusal. Caracterização topográfica das superfícies dos implantes foi realizada previamente a cirurgia experimental. Dezoito coelhos (Albinus) foram submetidos à cirurgia de elevação da membrana sinusal bilateral por acesso nasal. Após os animais receberam em cada seio maxilar aleatoriamente 1 implante de superfície modificada por condicionamento ácido seguido da deposição de solução de fluido corpóreo (SBF) ou implante de superfície modificada por condicionamento ácido seguido da deposição de SBF e β-tricálcio-fosfato (TCP). No ato cirúrgico de instalação dos implantes foi mensurado o coeficiente de estabilidade primária por meio de medidas de frequência por ressonância em ISQ. Após períodos de 7, 15 e 40 dias os animais foram anestesiados e in vivo novamente foi mensurado o coeficiente de estabilidade primária, seguido da eutanásia dos animais. Após foi realizado o processamento para obtenção de cortes em parafina que foram corados por hematoxilina e eosina. Realizou análise histométrica para mensurar a extensão linear de contato entre tecido ósseo mineralizado e superfície do implante, bem como a área de tecido ósseo neoformado. Em 2 animais de cada grupo em todos os períodos realizou-se a análise de micro tomográfica para avaliação do volume e densidade óssea neoformada. Os dados obtidos das análises biomecânica e histométrica foram submetidos à análise estatística. Nas análises por MEV-EDS e mapeamento observou-se a formação de uma camada de apatita com maiores quantidades de Ca e P nos implantes com deposição biomimética com β-tricálcio fosfato. A análise biomecânica demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante nos valores de frequência por ressonância (ISQ) no grupo TCP aos 7 dias quando comaprados ao período 0 (instalação dos implantes). A análise microtomográfica demonstrou diferença estatística entres os grupos TCP 40 dias e SBF 15 dias, quanto ao volume ósseo (BV/TV), número (Tb.n) e porosidade (Tb.tot) das trabéculas respectivamente. Os valores de ELCOI e AON não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas (p<0,05) entre os grupos SBF e TCP. Diante dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que a incorporação do β-tricálcio fosfato pelo método biomimético na superfície previamente modificada por duplo condicionamento ácido mostrou-se eficiente diante da caracterização da topografia dos implantes. Observou-se a influência desse tipo de superfície bioativa na reparação óssea ao redor dos implantes osseointegráveis, constituindo assim, uma opção para modificação das superfícies dos implantes.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-tricalcium phosphate coating on the surface of acid-modified implants implanted in maxillary sinuses of rabbits immediately after sinus membrane elevation. Topographic characterization was made before experimental surgery. Eighteen rabbits (Albinus) underwent bilateral sinus membrane elevation surgery by nasal access. After the animals were randomly assigned to each implant, a surface implant modified by acid conditioning followed by deposition of Simulated Blody Fluid (SBF) or acid-modified surface implant followed by deposition of SBF and β-tricalcium phosphate (BTC). In the surgical procedure of implantation of the implants the primary stability coefficient was measured by means of resonance frequency measurements in ISQ. After periods of 7, 15 and 40 days the animals were anesthetized and in vivo again the primary stability coefficient was measured, followed by euthanasia of the animals. After the processing was performed to obtain cuts in paraffin that will be stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Histometric analysis was performed to measure the bone interface contact – BIC%, as well as the area of newly formed bone tissue - BA%. In 2 animals of each group in all periods the micro-tomographic analysis was performed to evaluate the volume and bone density neoformada. The data obtained from the biomechanical and histometric analyzes were submitted to statistical analysis. In the analyzes by MEV-EDX and mapping the formation of an apatite layer with higher amounts of Ca and P was observed in implants with biomimetic deposition with β-tricalcium phosphate. The biomechanical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the frequency of resonance (ISQ) values in the TCP group at 7 days when compared to period 0 (implant placement). The microtomographic analysis showed a statistical difference between the TCP groups 40 days and SBF 15 days, regarding the bone volume (BV / TV), number (Tb.n) and porosity (Tb.tot) of the trabeculae, respectively. The BIC and BA values did not present statistical differences (p <0.05) between the SBF and TCP groups. In view of the results, it was concluded that the incorporation of β-tricalcium phosphate by the biomimetic method on the surface previously modified by double acid etching proved to be efficient in face of the characterization of the topography of the implants. The influence of this type of bioactive surface on the bone repair around osseointegrated implants was observed, thus, it is an option for modifying the surfaces of the implants.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-tricalcium phosphate coating on the surface of acid-modified implants implanted in maxillary sinuses of rabbits immediately after sinus membrane elevation. Topographic characterization was made before experimental surgery. Eighteen rabbits (Albinus) underwent bilateral sinus membrane elevation surgery by nasal access. After the animals were randomly assigned to each implant, a surface implant modified by acid conditioning followed by deposition of Simulated Blody Fluid (SBF) or acid-modified surface implant followed by deposition of SBF and β-tricalcium phosphate (BTC). In the surgical procedure of implantation of the implants the primary stability coefficient was measured by means of resonance frequency measurements in ISQ. After periods of 7, 15 and 40 days the animals were anesthetized and in vivo again the primary stability coefficient was measured, followed by euthanasia of the animals. After the processing was performed to obtain cuts in paraffin that will be stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Histometric analysis was performed to measure the bone interface contact – BIC%, as well as the area of newly formed bone tissue - BA%. In 2 animals of each group in all periods the micro-tomographic analysis was performed to evaluate the volume and bone density neoformada. The data obtained from the biomechanical and histometric analyzes were submitted to statistical analysis. In the analyzes by MEV-EDX and mapping the formation of an apatite layer with higher amounts of Ca and P was observed in implants with biomimetic deposition with β-tricalcium phosphate. The biomechanical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the frequency of resonance (ISQ) values in the TCP group at 7 days when compared to period 0 (implant placement). The microtomographic analysis showed a statistical difference between the TCP groups 40 days and SBF 15 days, regarding the bone volume (BV / TV), number (Tb.n) and porosity (Tb.tot) of the trabeculae, respectively. The BIC and BA values did not present statistical differences (p <0.05) between the SBF and TCP groups. In view of the results, it was concluded that the incorporation of β-tricalcium phosphate by the biomimetic method on the surface previously modified by double acid etching proved to be efficient in face of the characterization of the topography of the implants. The influence of this type of bioactive surface on the bone repair around osseointegrated implants was observed, thus, it is an option for modifying the surfaces of the implants.
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Palavras-chave
Substitutos ósseos, Regeneração óssea, Materiais biomédicos, Implantes dentários, Dental implants