Diversidade e dinâmica populacional de ácaros em pomar cítrico
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Data
2012-01-01
Autores
Silva, Marcos Zatti da
Sato, Mário Eidi
Oliveira, Carlos Amadeu Leite de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
As plantas de citros hospedam diversas espécies de ácaros que causam sérios prejuízos à produção e qualidade de frutos no Brasil. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar a diversidade de ácaros e a dinâmica populacional das principais espécies de ácaros em pomar de citros, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, localizado no município de Descalvado, Estado de São Paulo. Foram realizadas 14 avaliações em um período de 12 meses, de fevereiro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2008. em cada avaliação, foram coletadas dez folhas e cinco frutos na parte interna de cada uma das 40 plantas demarcadas no pomar. Foram encontradas 34 espécies de ácaros, distribuídas em 17 famílias. As espécies mais abundantes foram: Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmed) (Eriophyidae), Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Tetranychidae), Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Tenuipalpidae) e Fungitarsonemus sp. (Tarsonemidae). Entre os ácaros predadores, a família Phytoseiidae foi a de maior riqueza (oito espécies) e abundância (1.072 indivíduos). A espécie predominante foi Euseius concordis (Chant), correspondendo a 98,3% dos ácaros desta família. Foram observadas correlações significativas entre densidades populacionais de E. concordis e dos ácaros fitófagos P. citri, B. phoenicis e P. oleivora. Também foram observadas correlações significativas entre densidades populacionais desses ácaros e fatores meteorológicos como temperatura e precipitação pluvial. Os resultados indicam que E. concordis atua como inimigo natural de P. citri, B. phoenicis e P. oleivora no pomar cítrico estudado.
The citrus plants are hosts of several species of mites, which cause severe damage to production and quality of fruits in Brazil. The objective of this research was to study the diversity of mites and population dynamics of the main mite species in a citrus orchard, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, in Descalvado County, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Fourteen evaluations were conducted over a period of 12 months, from February 2007 to February 2008. At each assessment, ten leaves and five fruits were collected from the inner part of each citrus canopy, from a total of 40 marked plants. Thirty four mite species were found, which were distributed into 17 families. The most abundant species were: Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmed) (Eriophyidae), Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Tetranychidae), Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Tenuipalpidae) and Fungitarsonemus sp. (Tarsonemidae). Among the predators, the Phytoseiidae family presented the highest richness (eight species) and the highest abundance (1,072 individuals). Euseius concordis (Chant) was the predominant species, corresponding to 98.3% of the mites of this family. Significant correlations were observed between the population densities of E. concordis and of the phytophagous mites P. citri, B. phoenicis and P. oleivora. Significant correlations were also observed between population densities of these mites and meteorological factors such as temperature and precipitation. The results indicate that E. concordis acts as a natural enemy of P. citri, B. phoenicis and P. oleivora in the citrus orchard.
The citrus plants are hosts of several species of mites, which cause severe damage to production and quality of fruits in Brazil. The objective of this research was to study the diversity of mites and population dynamics of the main mite species in a citrus orchard, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, in Descalvado County, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Fourteen evaluations were conducted over a period of 12 months, from February 2007 to February 2008. At each assessment, ten leaves and five fruits were collected from the inner part of each citrus canopy, from a total of 40 marked plants. Thirty four mite species were found, which were distributed into 17 families. The most abundant species were: Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmed) (Eriophyidae), Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Tetranychidae), Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Tenuipalpidae) and Fungitarsonemus sp. (Tarsonemidae). Among the predators, the Phytoseiidae family presented the highest richness (eight species) and the highest abundance (1,072 individuals). Euseius concordis (Chant) was the predominant species, corresponding to 98.3% of the mites of this family. Significant correlations were observed between the population densities of E. concordis and of the phytophagous mites P. citri, B. phoenicis and P. oleivora. Significant correlations were also observed between population densities of these mites and meteorological factors such as temperature and precipitation. The results indicate that E. concordis acts as a natural enemy of P. citri, B. phoenicis and P. oleivora in the citrus orchard.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
ácaros fitófagos, ácaros predadores, Citrus sinensis, fauna acarina, phytophagous mites, Predatory mites, Citrus sinensis, mite fauna
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 71, n. 2, p. 210-218, 2012.