Atenuação ao tratamento penal despendido ao tráfico de drogas pelas Cortes Superiores: efetividade e reflexos político-criminais
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Data
2022-11-07
Autores
Gomes, Caio Alves da Cruz
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho tem como alicerce a política antidrogas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro,
com base na Lei 11.343, de agosto de 2006, e nas normas a esta correlatas, as quais trouxeram-lhe pertinentes alterações desde sua elaboração e complementam sua aplicação. A metodologia
de pesquisa empregada é diversificada, partindo de revisões bibliográficas através do método
dedutivo, suplementado por pesquisa empírica documental, acessando jurisprudências do
Supremo Tribunal Federal e Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, além do estudo quantitativo de
dados sobre os índices de encarceramento no Brasil. Assim, traz-se à luz as principais
modificações, jurisprudenciais e legais, no âmbito de aplicação da Lei 11.343/06, quais sejam,
a inconstitucionalidade da vedação à liberdade provisória; a obrigatoriedade de cumprimento
da pena em regime integralmente fechado; a vedação à substituição da pena privativa de
liberdade por restritiva de direitos; a impossibilidade de consideração de inquéritos e ações
penais em curso para constatação de dedicação do agente a atividades criminosas, para
inviabilizar o reconhecimento da minorante do art. 33, § 4º, da Lei 11.343/06; o afastamento da
hediondez do tráfico minorado; além de pedido inovador para afastamento da hediondez do
tráfico de drogas propriamente dito para fins de progressão de regime. Posteriormente, busca-se compreender os reflexos de tais alterações nos índices de encarceramento do país, a elucidar
sua efetividade na política criminal brasileira, bem como os rumos normativo-jurídicos dos
crimes de drogas país, com especial enfoque ao traficante não habitual.
The present work is based on the anti-drug Policy in the Brazilian legal system, founded at the Law 11.343, of august 2006, and the norms related to it, which have brought relevant changes since its elaboration and complements its application. The research methodology used is diversified, starting from bibliographic reviews through the deductive method, supplemented by documental empirical research, accessing jurisprudence of the Federal Supreme Court and Supreme Court of Justice, as well as the quantitative study about data on incarceration rates in Brazil. Therefore, it brings to light the main changes, jurisprudential and legal, in the scope of Law 11.343/06 application, which were the unconstitutionality of the prohibition of provisional freedom and the obligation to serve the sentence in a fully closed regime the prohibition to the replacement of the custodial sentence by a restriction of rights; the impossibility of considering ongoing investigations and penal process to verify the agent's dedication to criminal activities, to rule out the recognition of the minor of art. 33, § 4, of Law 11,343/06; the removal of the hideousness of the reduced traffic; and an innovative request to remove the hideousness of drug trafficking itself for the purposes of regime progression. Subsequently, an analysis of the reflexes of the incarceration rates in Brazilian criminal policy is made, as well as an analysis of the direction of legal drug crimes, with a special focus on non-habitual drug dealer.
The present work is based on the anti-drug Policy in the Brazilian legal system, founded at the Law 11.343, of august 2006, and the norms related to it, which have brought relevant changes since its elaboration and complements its application. The research methodology used is diversified, starting from bibliographic reviews through the deductive method, supplemented by documental empirical research, accessing jurisprudence of the Federal Supreme Court and Supreme Court of Justice, as well as the quantitative study about data on incarceration rates in Brazil. Therefore, it brings to light the main changes, jurisprudential and legal, in the scope of Law 11.343/06 application, which were the unconstitutionality of the prohibition of provisional freedom and the obligation to serve the sentence in a fully closed regime the prohibition to the replacement of the custodial sentence by a restriction of rights; the impossibility of considering ongoing investigations and penal process to verify the agent's dedication to criminal activities, to rule out the recognition of the minor of art. 33, § 4, of Law 11,343/06; the removal of the hideousness of the reduced traffic; and an innovative request to remove the hideousness of drug trafficking itself for the purposes of regime progression. Subsequently, an analysis of the reflexes of the incarceration rates in Brazilian criminal policy is made, as well as an analysis of the direction of legal drug crimes, with a special focus on non-habitual drug dealer.
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Palavras-chave
Tráfico de drogas, Jurisprudência, Política criminal, Tráfico privilegiado, Drug trafficking, Jurisprudence, Criminal policy, Privileged traffic