Infecções naturais em cervídeos (Mammalia: Cervidae) procedentes dos Estados do Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo, por nematódeos Trichostrongyloidea Cram, 1927
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Data
2000-01-01
Autores
Nascimento, Adjair Antônio do [UNESP]
Bonuti, Marcos Roberto [UNESP]
Mapeli, Elaine Bernardo [UNESP]
Tebaldi, José Hairton [UNESP]
Arantes, Isaú Gouveia [UNESP]
Zettermann, Cláudia Dias [UNESP]
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Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ)
Resumo
No período compreendido entre 1985 e 1996 foram necropsiados, para pesquisa de helmintos, 42 cervídeos, sendo sete Mazama americana, 16 M. gouazoubira, 13 Ozotoceros bezoarticus e seis Blastocerus dichotomus. Desses animais, foram colhidos 14.426 nematódeos Trichostrongyloidea, sendo 13.281 (92,06%) parasitos de abomaso e 1.145 (7,94%), de intestino delgado. Nesses órgãos, foram identificadas seis espécies de nematódeos: Haemonchus contortus, H. similis, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Cooperia punctata e C. pectinata. Todos os animais apresentaram infecções helmínticas por uma ou mais espécies, ocorrendo grande variação na intensidade de infecção (1 a 4.345 nematódeos). Ainda com relação à intensidade de infecção, os dados expressavam valores menores que 100 parasitos em 25 (59,52%) animais. Os valores mais altos de intensidade média das infecções foram observados em M. gouazoubira (596,37 helmintos) e em O. bezoarticus (331), e os menores, em M. americana (17,57) e B. dichotomus (75,5). Os dados mais expressivos de intensidade de infecção, abundância e prevalência foram observados para Haemonchus (larvas de 4º estágio), H. contortus, H. similis e T. axei. O gênero Haemonchus foi constatado em 35 animais, com prevalência de 83,33%; apresentou carga parasitária de 11.616 exemplares, representando 80,52% dos nematódeos verificados, sendo a maioria (8.903) constituída por formas imaturas. Por outro lado, H. similis foi a espécie predominante nas infecções e, portanto, a que apresentou maiores valores de abundância. Verificou-se o gênero Trichostrongylus em 24 (57,14%) animais, com carga parasitária de 2.444 exemplares, sendo 1.665 espécimes de T. axei, que representou 11,54% da carga parasitária obtida. As seis espécies de vermes identificadas nos cervídeos são comuns aos ruminantes domésticos nos Estados de São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul e dessa maneira não se observou nenhuma espécie de Trichostrongyloidea exclusiva dos cervídeos.
From 1985 to 1996, 42 deers (seven Mazama americana, 16 M. gouazoubira, 13 Ozotoceros bezoarticus and six Blastocerus dichotomus) were submitted to necropsy. From those animals, 14,426 Trichostrongyloidea nematodes were gathered, being 13,281 (92.05%) parasites of abomasum and 1,145 (7.95%) parasites of small intestine. Haemonchus contortus, H. similis, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Cooperia punctata and C. pectinata were identified in those organs. All of the animals had helminthic infections by one or more worm species, occurring a wide variation in the intensity of infection (from one to 4,345 nematodes). The results showed low intensity of infection values, less than 100 worms, in 25 (59.52%) of the animals. The higher results of mean intensity of infection were observed in M. gouazoubira (596.37) and in O. bezoarticus (331), and the lower results, in M. americana (17.57) and B. dichotomus (75.5). The most expressive values of intensity of infection, abundance and prevalence were observed for Haemonchus spp (fourth stage larvae - L4), H. contortus, H. similis and T. axei. Genus Haemonchus was verified in 35 animals, and, therefore, with a prevalence of 83.33%; the total intensity of infection of this genus was 11,616 specimens, representing 80.52% of the Trichostrongyloidea nematodes verified, being that the majority (8,903) of those worms were constituted of young forms. Otherwise, H. similis was the specie predominating in the infections and, therefore, the one that showed the highest value of abundance. Genus Trichostrongylus was verified in 24 (57.14%) animals, and the total intensity of infection was 2,444 specimens, being 1,655 specimens of T. axei, that represented 11.54% of the parasitic burden observed. The six worm species observed in deers are also common to domestic ruminants in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, and, in this way, none species of Trichostrongyloidea exclusive to deers was observed.
From 1985 to 1996, 42 deers (seven Mazama americana, 16 M. gouazoubira, 13 Ozotoceros bezoarticus and six Blastocerus dichotomus) were submitted to necropsy. From those animals, 14,426 Trichostrongyloidea nematodes were gathered, being 13,281 (92.05%) parasites of abomasum and 1,145 (7.95%) parasites of small intestine. Haemonchus contortus, H. similis, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Cooperia punctata and C. pectinata were identified in those organs. All of the animals had helminthic infections by one or more worm species, occurring a wide variation in the intensity of infection (from one to 4,345 nematodes). The results showed low intensity of infection values, less than 100 worms, in 25 (59.52%) of the animals. The higher results of mean intensity of infection were observed in M. gouazoubira (596.37) and in O. bezoarticus (331), and the lower results, in M. americana (17.57) and B. dichotomus (75.5). The most expressive values of intensity of infection, abundance and prevalence were observed for Haemonchus spp (fourth stage larvae - L4), H. contortus, H. similis and T. axei. Genus Haemonchus was verified in 35 animals, and, therefore, with a prevalence of 83.33%; the total intensity of infection of this genus was 11,616 specimens, representing 80.52% of the Trichostrongyloidea nematodes verified, being that the majority (8,903) of those worms were constituted of young forms. Otherwise, H. similis was the specie predominating in the infections and, therefore, the one that showed the highest value of abundance. Genus Trichostrongylus was verified in 24 (57.14%) animals, and the total intensity of infection was 2,444 specimens, being 1,655 specimens of T. axei, that represented 11.54% of the parasitic burden observed. The six worm species observed in deers are also common to domestic ruminants in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, and, in this way, none species of Trichostrongyloidea exclusive to deers was observed.
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Palavras-chave
Helmintos, Trichostrongylidae, Cervidae, Helminths, Trichostrongylidae, Cervidae
Como citar
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia / Universidade de São Paulo, v. 37, n. 2, p. 153-158, 2000.