Políticas públicas e voz do professor: caracterização das leis brasileiras
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Data
2009-01-01
Autores
Ferreira, Léslie Piccolotto
Servilha, Emilse Aparecida Merlin
Masson, Maria Lúcia Vaz [UNESP]
Reinaldi, Micheline Baldini de Figueiredo Maciel
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia
Resumo
OBJETIVO: Caracterizar as leis sobre saúde vocal publicadas em todo território nacional até o ano de 2006. MÉTODOS: Foram feitas buscas da documentação em sites oficiais, assim como um questionário elaborado pelas autoras foi divulgado no meio fonoaudiológico, por correio eletrônico, para captar o maior número de leis possível. Obtiveram-se 22 documentos que foram analisados quanto ao raio de abrangência, ações propostas, natureza dessas ações, público-alvo, secretarias envolvidas, iniciativa e promulgação das leis. Tais dados foram analisados de maneira absoluta (numérica) e relativa (percentualmente). RESULTADOS: Os documentos são, em sua maioria, leis de abrangência estadual, mais numerosas na região sudeste, propostas pelo poder legislativo, cuja viabilização compete a uma parceria entre secretarias de saúde e educação estaduais. As ações propostas, de modo geral, preconizam a implementação de assistência preventiva por meio de cursos teórico-práticos (90,91%), com periodicidade anual, ministrados por fonoaudiólogos, com a ressalva de que será oferecido, ao professor com distúrbio vocal, acesso ao tratamento fonoaudiológico e/ou médico (77,27%). em apenas três documentos (13,64%) avança-se para além de cursos, com propostas de ações de promoção à reabilitação, inclusive com menção ao ambiente de trabalho. Dois deles (9,09%) consideram os direitos do professor trabalhador. CONCLUSÃO: Levando-se em conta o grande número de casas legislativas no Brasil, poucas são as leis propostas a favor da saúde do professor, especialmente em relação à voz. Além disso, para que sejam aplicadas e transformadas em programas de saúde vocal, tais iniciativas devem partir de competência constitucional própria, a fim de garantir os recursos financeiros necessários para a sua viabilização.
PURPOSE: To characterize legislation related to vocal health published in National Territory until the year of 2006. METHODS: A documentation search was carried out in official websites. In addition, a questionnaire developed by the authors was distributed by e-mail to Speech Therapists so that the greatest possible number of laws was gathered. The 22 documents obtained were analyzed considering their area-inclusion radius, proposed actions and their natures, target population, public offices involved, initiative and law promulgation. An absolute (numerical) and a relative (percentage) analysis were carried out. RESULTS: The documents found are mainly state laws, mostly from the Southeast region, proposed by the Legislative branch. Their feasibility lies within partnerships of State health and education offices. In general, the proposals proclaim the implementation of preventive assistance models through annual theoretical and practical classes (90.91%) ministered by Speech Therapists, with exception of those teachers with vocal disorders, who will have access to speech therapy and/or medical treatment (77.27%). Only three documents (13.64%) go beyond the classes mentioned above, with the proposal of actions that span from health promotion to rehabilitation, including references to work environments. Two of them (9.09%) consider the rights of the working teachers. CONCLUSION: Given the great number of legislative houses in Brazil, there are few laws that aim towards teachers' health, especially regarding their voice. Moreover, to make sure that these laws are applied and implemented as vocal health programs, these initiatives should be proposed by the National Constitution, so that the necessary resources for their viability are guaranteed.
PURPOSE: To characterize legislation related to vocal health published in National Territory until the year of 2006. METHODS: A documentation search was carried out in official websites. In addition, a questionnaire developed by the authors was distributed by e-mail to Speech Therapists so that the greatest possible number of laws was gathered. The 22 documents obtained were analyzed considering their area-inclusion radius, proposed actions and their natures, target population, public offices involved, initiative and law promulgation. An absolute (numerical) and a relative (percentage) analysis were carried out. RESULTS: The documents found are mainly state laws, mostly from the Southeast region, proposed by the Legislative branch. Their feasibility lies within partnerships of State health and education offices. In general, the proposals proclaim the implementation of preventive assistance models through annual theoretical and practical classes (90.91%) ministered by Speech Therapists, with exception of those teachers with vocal disorders, who will have access to speech therapy and/or medical treatment (77.27%). Only three documents (13.64%) go beyond the classes mentioned above, with the proposal of actions that span from health promotion to rehabilitation, including references to work environments. Two of them (9.09%) consider the rights of the working teachers. CONCLUSION: Given the great number of legislative houses in Brazil, there are few laws that aim towards teachers' health, especially regarding their voice. Moreover, to make sure that these laws are applied and implemented as vocal health programs, these initiatives should be proposed by the National Constitution, so that the necessary resources for their viability are guaranteed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Docentes, Leis, Promoção de saúde, Prevenção de doenças, Políticas públicas de saúde, Legislação sanitária, Legislação, Faculty, Laws, Health promotion, Disease prevention, Health public policy, Legislation, health, Legislation
Como citar
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia. Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2009.