População de plantas e espaçamento entre linhas do feijoeiro irrigado. I: comportamento morfológico das plantas
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Data
2000-08-01
Autores
Jadoski, Sidnei Osmar [UNESP]
Carlesso, Reimar
Petry, Mirta Teresinha
Woischick, Dolores
Cervo, Leandro
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
Resumo
O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar variações no índice de área foliar, altura das plantas, número de nós, comprimento dos entrenós na haste principal e altura das vagens em relação à superfície do solo do feijoeiro irrigado e cultivado em diferentes populações de plantas e espaçamentos entre linhas de cultivo. O experimento foi conduzido no ano agrícola 1997/98, em área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS. A cultivar de feijão preto BR-FEPAGRO 44 - Guapo brilhante, de crescimento indeterminado (tipo II), foi cultivada em três populações de plantas (175, 250 e 325 mil plantas há-1) e três espaçamentos entre linhas de cultivo (35, 50 e 65cm). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, bifatorial, com quatro repetições. Irrigações por aspersão foram aplicadas quando a evapotranspiração máxima da cultura, estimada com base na evaporação do tanque classe A, indicava um valor acumulado de 25mm. Os resultados demonstraram que o aumento da população de plantas ocasionou aumento no índice de área foliar durante a fase de crescimento vegetativo da cultura, sendo que na fase reprodutiva, o índice de área foliar foi afetado pelo espaçamento entre as linhas de cultivo. A área foliar, a altura de plantas e o número de nós na haste principal aumentaram com a redução na população de plantas. A altura da extremidade da primeira vagem das plantas em relação ao solo apresentou comportamento quadrático com o aumento na população de plantas. Os diferentes espaçamentos e populações de plantas não afetaram o comprimento dos entrenós na haste principal das plantas.
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate changes in leaf area index, plant height, number of nodes, inter-node length and legumes height above soil surface of drybean plants cultivated in different plant populations and row spacings. The experiment was conducted during 1997/98 growing season in the experimental field of the Rural Engineering Department ofthe Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria - RS, Brazil. The drybean cultivar BR-FEPAGRO 44 - Guapo brilhante, (type II) was submitted to three plant populations (175, 250 and 325 thousand plants há-1) and three row spacing (35, 50 and 65cm). A completely randomized design, factorial, was used with four replications. Sprinkler irrigations were applied when maximum crop evapotranspiration, determined based on class A evaporation pan, indicated an accumulated value of 25mm. Results demonstrated that the increase in plant population increased leaf area index during the vegetative period. However, during the reproductive period the leaf area index was more affected by row spacing. The leaf area of individual plants, plant height and the number of nodes increased as plant population decreased. The legume height above soil surface presented a quadratic response in relation to plant population. The inter-node length was not affected by the different plant population and row spacing tested.
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate changes in leaf area index, plant height, number of nodes, inter-node length and legumes height above soil surface of drybean plants cultivated in different plant populations and row spacings. The experiment was conducted during 1997/98 growing season in the experimental field of the Rural Engineering Department ofthe Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria - RS, Brazil. The drybean cultivar BR-FEPAGRO 44 - Guapo brilhante, (type II) was submitted to three plant populations (175, 250 and 325 thousand plants há-1) and three row spacing (35, 50 and 65cm). A completely randomized design, factorial, was used with four replications. Sprinkler irrigations were applied when maximum crop evapotranspiration, determined based on class A evaporation pan, indicated an accumulated value of 25mm. Results demonstrated that the increase in plant population increased leaf area index during the vegetative period. However, during the reproductive period the leaf area index was more affected by row spacing. The leaf area of individual plants, plant height and the number of nodes increased as plant population decreased. The legume height above soil surface presented a quadratic response in relation to plant population. The inter-node length was not affected by the different plant population and row spacing tested.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
irrigação, sistema de cultivo, feijão, colheita mecânica, irrigation, crop system, drybean, mechanical harvest
Como citar
Ciência Rural. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), v. 30, n. 4, p. 559-565, 2000.