Nutrient cycling in a RRIM 600 clone rubber plantation
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Data
2003-01-01
Autores
Murbach, Marcos Roberto [UNESP]
Boaretto, Antonio Enedi
Muraoka, Takashi
Souza, Euclides Caxambu Alexandrino de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ)
Resumo
A ciclagem de nutrientes em seringais em fase de produção é assunto pouco estudado. Este trabalho avalia o efeito de doses de potássio nas quantidades de nutrientes que a seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) do clone RRIM 600, com 13 anos de idade, retorna ao solo com a queda natural das folhas, a retranslocação dos nutrientes antes da queda das folhas e a exportação de nutrientes pela borracha seca produzida. O experimento foi instalado em 1998, e as doses de potássio (0, 40, 80 e 160 kg ha-1 de K2O) foram distribuídas sob a copa das 40 seringueiras das parcelas. Cinco coletores de serapilheira foram distribuídos ao acaso sob as árvores em cada parcela. O material vegetal acumulado foi recolhido mensalmente pelo período de um ano. O cernambi produzido em cada parcela foi pesado e em amostra foi determinado o conteúdo de nutrientes. O aumento das doses de potássio causou aumento no teor deste nutriente nas folhas coletadas na serapilheira. O Ca e o N são os nutrientes que retornaram em maiores quantidades ao solo com a queda das folhas. O K e o P foram os nutrientes que apresentaram a maior taxa de retranslocação. O K foi o nutriente mais exportado pela borracha seca, sendo esta quantidade maior que a reciclada ao solo pelas folhas da serapilheira.
Few reports have been presented on nutrient cycling in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). This experiment was carried out to evaluate: the effect of K rates on the amount of nutrients transfered to the soil in a 13-year old Hevea brasilensis RRIM 600 clone plantation, nutrient retranslocation from the leaves before falling to the soil, and nutrient loss by dry rubber export. The experiment started in 1998 and potassium was applied at the rates of 0, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O under the crowns of 40 rubber trees of each plot. Literfall collectors, five per plot, were randomly distributed within the plots under the trees. The accumulated literfall was collected monthly during one year. The coagulated rubber latex from each plot was weighed, and samples were analyzed for nutrient content. Increasing K fertilization rates also increased the K content in leaf literfall. Calcium and N were the most recycled leaf nutrients to the soil via litterfall. Potassium, followed by P were the nutrients with the highest retranslocation rates. Potassium was the most exported nutrient by the harvested rubber, and this amount was higher than that transfered to the soil by the leaf literfall.
Few reports have been presented on nutrient cycling in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). This experiment was carried out to evaluate: the effect of K rates on the amount of nutrients transfered to the soil in a 13-year old Hevea brasilensis RRIM 600 clone plantation, nutrient retranslocation from the leaves before falling to the soil, and nutrient loss by dry rubber export. The experiment started in 1998 and potassium was applied at the rates of 0, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O under the crowns of 40 rubber trees of each plot. Literfall collectors, five per plot, were randomly distributed within the plots under the trees. The accumulated literfall was collected monthly during one year. The coagulated rubber latex from each plot was weighed, and samples were analyzed for nutrient content. Increasing K fertilization rates also increased the K content in leaf literfall. Calcium and N were the most recycled leaf nutrients to the soil via litterfall. Potassium, followed by P were the nutrients with the highest retranslocation rates. Potassium was the most exported nutrient by the harvested rubber, and this amount was higher than that transfered to the soil by the leaf literfall.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
litterfall, Fertilization, Nutrition, rubber, Nutrient exportation, serapilheira, Adubação, Nutrição, borracha, Exportação
Como citar
Scientia Agricola. São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, v. 60, n. 2, p. 353-357, 2003.