A participação de Conselheiros Municipais de Saúde: solução que se transformou em problema?
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Data
2006-04-01
Autores
Morita, Ione [UNESP]
Guimarães, Julliano Fernandes Campos
Di Muzio, Bruno Paulino
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública
Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública
Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública
Resumo
A proposta de controle social instituída pela constituição abriu perspectivas para uma prática democrática ímpar no setor saúde. O Sistema Único de Saúde utiliza o Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS) como meio de cumprimento do princípio constitucional da participação da comunidade para assegurar o controle social sobre as ações e serviços de saúde do município. O CMS tem competência para examinar e aprovar as diretrizes da política de saúde, para que sejam alcançados seus objetivos. Ao atuar na formulação de estratégias, o Conselho pode aperfeiçoá-las, propor meios aptos para sua execução ou mesmo indicar correções de rumos. em Botucatu (SP), o CMS existe desde 1992 e nossa proposta foi analisar a participação dos conselheiros e sua representatividade. Para esse propósito, utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa que permitisse uma aproximação e o conhecimento daquela realidade. Os resultados mostraram, entre vários aspectos, que, em média, metade dos conselheiros titulares e um terço dos suplentes comparecem às reuniões. Além de interessados, esses conselheiros trazem reivindicações ou sugestões do grupo que representam, considerando boa a repercussão dessas reivindicações, porém nem sempre obtêm respostas satisfatórias, pois algumas decisões são tomadas fora do âmbito do conselho; percebem dificuldade de integração entre os serviços de saúde; a própria organização das reuniões dificulta a participação e, muitas vezes, a reunião apenas aprova pacotes ministeriais que devem ser implementados. Ouvir os conselheiros permitiu levantar problemas que precisam ser enfrentados e, com isso, fazer avançar o processo democrático, ou seja, um desafio para a vida.
The Brazilian Constitution proposal of social control opened many perspectives towards a democratic practice in health area. The Brazilian Health System has the Municipal Health Council to execute the constitution principle of community participation, which means to assure social control on actions and services in any municipality. This Council has the competence to exam and to approve the directions established by health policies to reach their objectives. It also formulates strategies and through them, it is possible to improve and suggest proper means to execute them or to correct directions. In Botucatu (São Paulo state) the Municipal Health Council was formed in 1992 and this study aimed to analyze the participation of its members. A qualitative approach was adopted. Results showed that half of the principal members, a third part of the substitutes and also visitors attended the meetings, they brought claims or suggestions from the social groups they represent and had good evaluation about the effect over all the members, but not always they got adequate answers. Some of the problems were: decision-making outside the Council, the difficult integration among different health services, the poor organization of the meetings like long duration, lack of objectiveness in the questions, etc. and meetings only to approve decisions already taken by federal or state government. To listen to the councilors allowed to understand the problems faced and to perceive their proposals for advancement of the democratic process which is a challenge for life.
The Brazilian Constitution proposal of social control opened many perspectives towards a democratic practice in health area. The Brazilian Health System has the Municipal Health Council to execute the constitution principle of community participation, which means to assure social control on actions and services in any municipality. This Council has the competence to exam and to approve the directions established by health policies to reach their objectives. It also formulates strategies and through them, it is possible to improve and suggest proper means to execute them or to correct directions. In Botucatu (São Paulo state) the Municipal Health Council was formed in 1992 and this study aimed to analyze the participation of its members. A qualitative approach was adopted. Results showed that half of the principal members, a third part of the substitutes and also visitors attended the meetings, they brought claims or suggestions from the social groups they represent and had good evaluation about the effect over all the members, but not always they got adequate answers. Some of the problems were: decision-making outside the Council, the difficult integration among different health services, the poor organization of the meetings like long duration, lack of objectiveness in the questions, etc. and meetings only to approve decisions already taken by federal or state government. To listen to the councilors allowed to understand the problems faced and to perceive their proposals for advancement of the democratic process which is a challenge for life.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Participação social, Controle social, Conselheiros municipais de saúde, Social Participation, Social Control, Municipal Health Councilors
Como citar
Saúde e Sociedade. Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo.Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública., v. 15, n. 1, p. 49-57, 2006.