Seletividade de acaricidas a insetos e ácaros predadores em citros
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Data
1997-04-01
Autores
Santos, Antonio C. dos [UNESP]
Gravena, Santin
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil
Resumo
Estudou-se a seletividade de acaricidas a insetos e ácaros predadores em pomares citrícolas localizados em Monte Alto e Vista Alegre do Alto, SP, em 1993 e 1994. Os acaricidas nas dosagens testadas (em g.i.a/1001) foram: em 1993, pyridaben 20 CE, 20 PM e 75 PM (10 e 15), óxido fenbutatin (40) e testemunha; em 1994, pyridaben 20 CE e pyridaben 75 PM (10 e 20), óxido fenbutatin (40), cyhexatin (25) e testemunha. Larvas e adultos de Pentilia egena Muls. e Coccidophilus citricola Bréthes, adultos de Cycloneda sanguinea L., Azya sp. e Calloeneis sp. e larvas de crisopídeos foram observados nas plantas, previamente e a 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 e 21 dias após a aplicação. Para contagem de Euseius sp. e Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma, 10 folhas do interior da planta foram coletadas e observadas. Os produtos foram classificados em: seletivo (até 25% de mortalidade); levemente tóxico (25 a 50%; moderadamente tóxico (51 a 75%) e tóxico (> 75% de mortalidade). Os resultados indicaram que todos os produtos foram seletivos a adultos de P. egena, porém, pyridaben causou de 25 a 50% e cyhexatin de 51 a 75% de mortalidade de larvas. Pyridaben 20 CE e 75 PM reduziram em 25 a 50% e 51 a 75% respectivamente o número de adultos de C. citricola; já cyhexatin foi tóxico e fenbutatin seletivo a adultos desta espécie. em relação a larvas de C. citricola mortalidade de 51 a 75% foi causada por pyridaben 20 CE e 75 PM, maior que 75% por cyhexatin e entre 25 e 50% no caso de fenbutatin. Todos os acaricidas foram tóxicos aos ácaros predadores por mais de 21 dias, no entanto, fenbutatin apresentou efeito residual menor (14 dias).
The selectivity of acaricides to predatory insects and mites was studied in two citrus orchards in São Paulo State in 1993 and 1994. Acaricides used (g.a.i /1001) were: in 1993, pyridaben 20 EC, 20 WP and 75 WP (10 and 15), fenbutatin oxide (40) and control; in 1994 pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP (10 and 20), fenbutatin oxide (40), cyhexatin (25) and control. Evaluations were conducted up to 21 days after spraying. Adults and larvae of Pentilia egena Muls. and Coccidophilus citricola Bréthes, adults of Cycloneda sanguinea L., Azya sp. and Calloeneis sp. and larvae ofchrysopids were counted on the canopy of the tree. Euseius sp. and Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma were counted on 10 leaves from the canopy. The products were classified as: harmless (< 25% of mortality); slightly harmful (25 to 50%); moderately harmful (51 to 75%), and harmful (> 75%). All products were harmless to adults of P. egena; fenbutatin caused < 25% of mortality, pyridaben killed 25 to 50% and cyhexatin 51 to 75% of P. egena larvae. Pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP were slightly and moderately harmful, cyhexatin caused >75% of mortality and fenbutatin was harmless to adults of C. citricola. Concerning C. citricola, fenbutatin killed 25 to 50% of the larvae, pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP caused 51 to 75% mortality while cyhexatin caused > 75% mortality. All treatments killed more than 75% of the phytoseiids up to 21 days except fenbutatin oxide which was harmful up to 14 days.
The selectivity of acaricides to predatory insects and mites was studied in two citrus orchards in São Paulo State in 1993 and 1994. Acaricides used (g.a.i /1001) were: in 1993, pyridaben 20 EC, 20 WP and 75 WP (10 and 15), fenbutatin oxide (40) and control; in 1994 pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP (10 and 20), fenbutatin oxide (40), cyhexatin (25) and control. Evaluations were conducted up to 21 days after spraying. Adults and larvae of Pentilia egena Muls. and Coccidophilus citricola Bréthes, adults of Cycloneda sanguinea L., Azya sp. and Calloeneis sp. and larvae ofchrysopids were counted on the canopy of the tree. Euseius sp. and Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma were counted on 10 leaves from the canopy. The products were classified as: harmless (< 25% of mortality); slightly harmful (25 to 50%); moderately harmful (51 to 75%), and harmful (> 75%). All products were harmless to adults of P. egena; fenbutatin caused < 25% of mortality, pyridaben killed 25 to 50% and cyhexatin 51 to 75% of P. egena larvae. Pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP were slightly and moderately harmful, cyhexatin caused >75% of mortality and fenbutatin was harmless to adults of C. citricola. Concerning C. citricola, fenbutatin killed 25 to 50% of the larvae, pyridaben 20 EC and 75 WP caused 51 to 75% mortality while cyhexatin caused > 75% mortality. All treatments killed more than 75% of the phytoseiids up to 21 days except fenbutatin oxide which was harmful up to 14 days.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Insecta, Acari, Coccinellidae, Phytoseiidae, Pesticide, Insecta, Acari, Coccineilidae, Phytoseiidae, Pesticidas
Como citar
Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, v. 26, n. 1, p. 99-105, 1997.