Adubação fosfatada no meloeiro-amarelo: reflexos na produção e qualidade dos frutos
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Data
2011-12-01
Autores
Abrêu, Francisco Luis Gonçalves de [UNESP]
Cazetta, Jairo Osvaldo [UNESP]
Xavier, Terezinha Ferreira [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
O melão (Cucumis melo L.) é uma das culturas de grande expressão econômica e social para a região Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar disso e dos baixos níveis de fósforo (P) dos solos tropicais, existem poucas pesquisas sobre adubação com P nesta cultura, embora seja frequentemente mencionado que este nutriente tem papel preponderante na produção e qualidade dos frutos. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de doses de P (0; 120; 240; 360 e 480 kg ha-1 de P2O5), na produção e qualidade do melão-amarelo híbrido Goldex F1, nas condições ambientais de Teresina - Piauí. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, tendo 40 plantas por parcela. Os frutos foram colhidos aos 75 após o plantio. Foram avaliados os dados médios da produção total, produção de frutos comerciais, massa e número de frutos por planta, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos, espessura da polpa de frutos, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e o índice de maturação. A produção total e comercial, assim como a massa e o número de frutos e acidez titulável aumentaram com as doses de P aplicadas até a dose de 278 kg ha-1 de P2O5. Doses acima de 278 kg ha-1 de P2O5 prejudicaram a produtividade de frutos classificados como comerciais. O comprimento, o diâmetro de frutos e a espessura de polpa aumentaram até a dose de 355 kg ha-1 de P2O5, com aumentos pouco expressivos entre 278 e 355 kg ha-1 de P2O5. O teor de sólidos solúveis totais não foi afetado pela adubação fosfatada. Para as condições de fertilidade do solo deste trabalho, recomenda-se uma dose ao redor de 275 kg ha-1 de P2O5.
The culture of melon (Cucumis melo L.) has a great economic and social expression for the Northeast region of Brazil. Although its importance in the Brazilian agriculture, and the low levels of phosphorus (P) on tropical soils, there are reduced number of researches regarding P fertilization for this culture, even though is frequently mentioned that this nutrient would have preponderant rules on the development, growth and quality of the fruits. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of P doses on the production and quality of yellow cantaloupes, hybrid Goldex F1, growing under Teresina-PI conditions. The experiment was composed by 5 P doses (0, 120, 240, 360 and 480 kg ha-1 of P2O5), carried out in four randomized blocks design. The fruits were harvested at 75 days after planting, and evaluated the total production; production of commercial fruits; mass and number of fruits per plant; length and diameter of fruits; pulp thickness, soluble solids, acidity and maturation index. The results indicated that the total and commercial production, mass and number of fruits as well as acidity increased with P doses, reaching the maximum values at 278 kg ha-1 P2O5. Doses above 278 kg ha-1 P2O5 harmed the productivity. The fruits length and the diameter, and the pulp thickness increased until reaching a maximum in 355 dose kg ha-1 of P2O5, although with little improvement from 278 to 355 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The level of total soluble solids was not affected by P fertilization. Under similar conditions to this research, it is recommended a dose around 275 kg ha-1 de P2O5.
The culture of melon (Cucumis melo L.) has a great economic and social expression for the Northeast region of Brazil. Although its importance in the Brazilian agriculture, and the low levels of phosphorus (P) on tropical soils, there are reduced number of researches regarding P fertilization for this culture, even though is frequently mentioned that this nutrient would have preponderant rules on the development, growth and quality of the fruits. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of P doses on the production and quality of yellow cantaloupes, hybrid Goldex F1, growing under Teresina-PI conditions. The experiment was composed by 5 P doses (0, 120, 240, 360 and 480 kg ha-1 of P2O5), carried out in four randomized blocks design. The fruits were harvested at 75 days after planting, and evaluated the total production; production of commercial fruits; mass and number of fruits per plant; length and diameter of fruits; pulp thickness, soluble solids, acidity and maturation index. The results indicated that the total and commercial production, mass and number of fruits as well as acidity increased with P doses, reaching the maximum values at 278 kg ha-1 P2O5. Doses above 278 kg ha-1 P2O5 harmed the productivity. The fruits length and the diameter, and the pulp thickness increased until reaching a maximum in 355 dose kg ha-1 of P2O5, although with little improvement from 278 to 355 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The level of total soluble solids was not affected by P fertilization. Under similar conditions to this research, it is recommended a dose around 275 kg ha-1 de P2O5.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cucumis melo, Phosphorus, Soluble solids, Acidity, Cucumis melo, Fósforo, Sólidos solúveis, Acidez
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 33, n. 4, p. 1266-1274, 2011.