Degradação in vitro de tecidos da lâmina foliar e do colmo de gramíneas forrageiras tropicais, em função do estádio de desenvolvimento
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Data
2002-04-01
Autores
Paciullo, Domingos Sávio Campos
Gomide, José Alberto
Silva, Eldo Antônio Monteiro da
Queiroz, Domingos Sávio
Gomide, Carlos Augusto Miranda [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da idade sobre o potencial de degradação dos diferentes tecidos da lâmina foliar e do colmo de capim-braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora) e capim-tifton 85 (Cynodon sp). Foram amostradas a 7ª (capim-braquiária e capim-gordura) e a 11ª (capim-tifton 85) lâminas foliares, no dia da exposição da lígula e 20 dias após. Por meio de observações ao microscópio foram estimadas a extensão da digestão in vitro dos tecidos da lâmina e do colmo e a redução na espessura da parede de células do esclerênquima do colmo. Lâminas foliares e segmentos de colmos jovens apresentaram maiores áreas digeridas. Permaneceram intactos os tecidos com células de parede espessada e lignificada, a bainha parenquimática dos feixes, o esclerênquima, o xilema e a epiderme do colmo. Tecidos com células de parede delgada, normalmente não-lignificada, o mesofilo, o floema e o parênquima, desapareceram completamente. O avanço na idade reduziu a digestão do mesofilo, em lâminas de capim-braquiária e capim-gordura, e do parênquima em colmos, principalmente de capim-gordura. A epiderme na lâmina foliar foi parcialmente digerida, independentemente da idade e da espécie. Embora aparentemente intactas, células esclerenquimáticas do colmo sofreram redução da espessura da parede com a incubação em líquido ruminal. A porcentagem de redução variou de 7 a 37% e a taxa de redução da espessura de 0,007 a 0,018 µm/h.
A trial was carried out to evaluate the change in digestion of tropical grasses leaf and stem tissues with age. The grasses were signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens), molassesgrass (Melinis minutiflora) and Tifton 85 bermudagrass (Cynodon sp). The 7th leaf of signalgrass and molassesgrass and the 11th leaf of bermudagrass were sampled by the time of their complete expansion (ligule exposure) and 20 days later. Segment of stem just below the sampled leaf was also sampled. Transversal sections of leaf and stem were examined at the microscope before and after rumen in vitro incubation. The degree of digestion of different leaf and stem tissues, as well as the cell wall thickness of stem sclerenchyma were estimated. Leaf blade and young stems showed larger digested areas. Stem tissues with thick and lignified cell wall, the parenchyma bundle sheath, the sclerenchyma, the xylem and the epidermis were not digested. Tissues with thin non-lignified cell wall, the mesophyll, the phloem and the parenchyma were completely digested. Molassesgrass and signalgrass leaves sampled 20 days after expansion had lower mesophyll digestion in relation to their recently expanded leaves. Similarly, molassesgrass stem parenchyma digestion decreased as plant aged. Regardless of age, leaf epidermis was only partially digested. Stem sclerenchyma cell wall showed percentage reduction in thickness from 7 to 37%, after in vitro incubation. The rate of reduction in thickness varied from 0.007 to 0.018 µm/h.
A trial was carried out to evaluate the change in digestion of tropical grasses leaf and stem tissues with age. The grasses were signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens), molassesgrass (Melinis minutiflora) and Tifton 85 bermudagrass (Cynodon sp). The 7th leaf of signalgrass and molassesgrass and the 11th leaf of bermudagrass were sampled by the time of their complete expansion (ligule exposure) and 20 days later. Segment of stem just below the sampled leaf was also sampled. Transversal sections of leaf and stem were examined at the microscope before and after rumen in vitro incubation. The degree of digestion of different leaf and stem tissues, as well as the cell wall thickness of stem sclerenchyma were estimated. Leaf blade and young stems showed larger digested areas. Stem tissues with thick and lignified cell wall, the parenchyma bundle sheath, the sclerenchyma, the xylem and the epidermis were not digested. Tissues with thin non-lignified cell wall, the mesophyll, the phloem and the parenchyma were completely digested. Molassesgrass and signalgrass leaves sampled 20 days after expansion had lower mesophyll digestion in relation to their recently expanded leaves. Similarly, molassesgrass stem parenchyma digestion decreased as plant aged. Regardless of age, leaf epidermis was only partially digested. Stem sclerenchyma cell wall showed percentage reduction in thickness from 7 to 37%, after in vitro incubation. The rate of reduction in thickness varied from 0.007 to 0.018 µm/h.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Brachiaria decumbens, Cynodon spp, Espessura da parede celular, Incubação em líquido de rúmen, Melinis minutiflora, Brachiaria decumbens, Cynodon spp, Cell wall thickness, Ruminal incubation, Melinis minutiflora
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 31, n. 2, p. 900-907, 2002.