Nutrition, dry matter accumulation and partitioning and phosphorus use efficiency of potato grown at different phosphorus levels in nutrient solution
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Data
2012-11-01
Autores
Fernandes, Adalton Mazetti [UNESP]
Soratto, Rogério Peres [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
No cultivo da batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) são utilizadas altas doses de fertilizantes fosfatados, os quais, se fornecidos em excesso, podem causar interações antagonistas com outros nutrientes e limitar a produtividade dessa cultura. Diante disso, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência de doses de fósforo (P) no acúmulo e partição de matéria seca (MS), na eficiência de utilização do P pela planta e na nutrição da batateira cv. Ágata, cultivada em solução nutritiva. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por sete doses de P na solução nutritiva (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31 e 48 mg L-1). Após 28 dias de cultivo nas soluções nutritivas, as plantas foram colhidas, separadas em sistema radicular, hastes e folhas e avaliadas. O efeito dos tratamentos foi analisado mediante análise de regressão. O aumento nas doses de P na solução nutritiva até 8 mg L-1 incrementou a produção de MS de raízes e da parte aérea, porém reduziu drasticamente a relação raiz/parte aérea da batateira cv. Ágata. A elevação da disponibilidade de P incrementou o teor, o acúmulo e a eficiência de absorção, mas diminuiu a eficiência de utilização desse nutriente pela planta. O aumento nas doses de P incrementou de forma expressiva os teores radiculares de N, P, Mg, Fe e Mn e diminuiu os teores de K, S, Cu e Zn. Na parte aérea, os teores de N, P, K e Ca apresentaram aumentos significativos em resposta às doses de P na solução, ao passo que os teores de Mg e Cu foram reduzidos. Apesar de doses elevadas de P (> 8 mg L-1) na solução nutritiva aumentarem o teor, o acúmulo e a eficiência de absorção do nutriente, não interferem na produção e partição de MS da batateira cv. Ágata.
High rates of phosphate fertilizers are applied to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), which may cause antagonistic interactions with other nutrients and limit crop yields when over-supplied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of phosphorus (P) levels in nutrient solution on P use efficiency, nutritional status and dry matter (DM) accumulation and partitioning of potato plants cv. Ágata. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of seven P levels in nutrient solution (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, and 48 mg L-1). Plants were harvested after 28 days of growth in nutrient solution, and separated in roots, stems and leaves for evaluations. The treatment effects were analyzed by regression analysis. Phosphorus levels of up to 8 mg L-1 increased the root and shoot DM accumulation, but drastically decreased the root/shoot ratio of potato cv. Ágata. Higher P availability increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, but decreased P use efficiency. Higher P levels increased the N, P, Mg, Fe, and Mn concentrations in roots considerably and decreased K, S, Cu, and Zn concentrations. In shoot biomass, N, P, K, and Ca concentrations were significantly increased by P applied in solution, unlike Mg and Cu concentrations. Although higher P levels (> 8 mg L-1) in nutrient solution increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, the DM accumulation and partitioning of potato cv. Ágata were not affected.
High rates of phosphate fertilizers are applied to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), which may cause antagonistic interactions with other nutrients and limit crop yields when over-supplied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of phosphorus (P) levels in nutrient solution on P use efficiency, nutritional status and dry matter (DM) accumulation and partitioning of potato plants cv. Ágata. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of seven P levels in nutrient solution (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, and 48 mg L-1). Plants were harvested after 28 days of growth in nutrient solution, and separated in roots, stems and leaves for evaluations. The treatment effects were analyzed by regression analysis. Phosphorus levels of up to 8 mg L-1 increased the root and shoot DM accumulation, but drastically decreased the root/shoot ratio of potato cv. Ágata. Higher P availability increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, but decreased P use efficiency. Higher P levels increased the N, P, Mg, Fe, and Mn concentrations in roots considerably and decreased K, S, Cu, and Zn concentrations. In shoot biomass, N, P, K, and Ca concentrations were significantly increased by P applied in solution, unlike Mg and Cu concentrations. Although higher P levels (> 8 mg L-1) in nutrient solution increased P concentration, accumulation and absorption efficiency, the DM accumulation and partitioning of potato cv. Ágata were not affected.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solanum tuberosum, matéria seca, nutrição mineral, interação de nutrientes, Solanum tuberosum, dry matter, mineral nutrition, nutrient interaction
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 36, n. 5, p. 1528-1537, 2012.