Eficiência fotossintética de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e de diferentes espécies de plantas daninhas após a aplicação do diuron
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Data
2012-09-01
Autores
Girotto, M.
Araldi, R.
Velini, Edivaldo Domingues [UNESP]
Carbonari, Caio Antonio [UNESP]
Gomes, G. L. G. C.
Trindade, M. L. B.
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência fotossintética, através da taxa de transporte de elétrons, de seis espécies de plantas daninhas e três cultivares de cana-de-açúcar após aplicação do herbicida diuron em pós-emergência inicial. Os cultivares utilizados (PO8862, SP80-3280 e RB83-5486) foram cortados em gemas e plantados em vasos com capacidade de 12 litros. A semeadura das seis espécies de plantas daninhas - Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, Panicum maximum, Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederifolia e Merremia cissoides - foi realizada para obter 25 plantas por vaso. A aplicação do herbicida diuron em pós-emergência inicial das plantas daninhas e dos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar foi realizada na dose de 3,0 kg ha-1, com adição de 0,2% de surfatante. As avaliações da taxa de transporte de elétrons no fotossistema (ETR) das plantas após a aplicação foram realizadas com auxílio de um fluorômetro portátil. Para as espécies de plantas daninhas, a ETR foi avaliada após intervalos de 2, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96 e 144 horas após a aplicação. Quanto aos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar, os intervalos avaliados foram de 2, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168 e 240 horas após a aplicação. de maneira geral, as reduções dos valores da ETR indicaram o nível de sensibilidade dos diferentes cultivares de cana-de-açúcar e das diferentes plantas daninhas ao diuron, e a intoxicação foi detectada antes ou mesmo sem a presença dos sintomas. A classificação da sensibilidade dos cultivares de cana-de-açúcar foi em ordem decrescente: PO-8862, SP80-3280 e RB83-5486; para as plantas daninhas, as espécies mais sensíveis foram M. cissoides, I. grandifolia e I. hederifolia, seguidas das gramíneas D. horizontalis, P. maximum e B. decumbens.
The aim of this study was to assess the photosynthetic efficiency through electron transport rate (ETR) of six weed species and three sugarcane cultivars after application of the herbicide diuron in post-emergence. Plant cultivars PO8862, SP80-3280, and RB83-5486 were used, cut in buds and planted in pots with a capacity of 12 liters. Six weed species (Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, Panicum maximum, Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederifolia, and Merremia cissoides) were sown so as to obtain 25 plants per pot. Diuron was applied on the weeds and sugarcane in post-emergence at 3.0 kg ha-1 with the addition of 0.2% surfactant. Electron transport rate was evaluated in the photosystem of the plants after herbicide application was carried out with the aid of a portable fluorometer. ETR of the weed species was measured after intervals of 2, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 144 hours after application. For the sugarcane cultivars, the intervals were: 2, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168, and 240hours after application. Reduced ETR values indicated the sensitivity of different varieties of sugarcane and weeds to diuron, with intoxication being detected before or without the presence of symptoms. Sensitivity of the sugarcane cultivars was classified in a decreasing order (PO8862, SP80-3280 and RB83-5486) and the most susceptible weed species were M. cissoides, I. grandifolia, and I. hederifolia, followed by grasses D. horizontalis, P. maximum, and B. decumbens.
The aim of this study was to assess the photosynthetic efficiency through electron transport rate (ETR) of six weed species and three sugarcane cultivars after application of the herbicide diuron in post-emergence. Plant cultivars PO8862, SP80-3280, and RB83-5486 were used, cut in buds and planted in pots with a capacity of 12 liters. Six weed species (Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, Panicum maximum, Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederifolia, and Merremia cissoides) were sown so as to obtain 25 plants per pot. Diuron was applied on the weeds and sugarcane in post-emergence at 3.0 kg ha-1 with the addition of 0.2% surfactant. Electron transport rate was evaluated in the photosystem of the plants after herbicide application was carried out with the aid of a portable fluorometer. ETR of the weed species was measured after intervals of 2, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 144 hours after application. For the sugarcane cultivars, the intervals were: 2, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168, and 240hours after application. Reduced ETR values indicated the sensitivity of different varieties of sugarcane and weeds to diuron, with intoxication being detected before or without the presence of symptoms. Sensitivity of the sugarcane cultivars was classified in a decreasing order (PO8862, SP80-3280 and RB83-5486) and the most susceptible weed species were M. cissoides, I. grandifolia, and I. hederifolia, followed by grasses D. horizontalis, P. maximum, and B. decumbens.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
fluorômetro, fotossíntese, herbicida, seletividade, fluorometer, photosynthesis, herbicide, selectivity
Como citar
Planta Daninha. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas , v. 30, n. 3, p. 599-606, 2012.