Alterações nos atributos químicos de um Latossolo distroférrico decorrentes da granulometria e doses de calcário em sistemas plantio direto e convencional
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Data
2003-06-01
Autores
Mello, J. C. A.
Villas Boas, Roberto Lyra [UNESP]
Lima, E. V.
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Büll, Leonardo Theodoro [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
Atualmente, percebe-se o interesse na calagem superficial, sem prévia incorporação, para instalação do sistema plantio direto (SPD). Dessa forma, objetivou-se determinar os efeitos de granulometria e doses de calcários no SPD, em fase de implantação, e no sistema de plantio convencional (SPC) sobre o pH, H + Al, Ca2+ e Mg2+. O experimento foi realizado no ano agrícola de 1998/99, na FCA/UNESP-Botucatu (SP), em Latossolo Vermelho. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subsubdivididas e quatro repetições. As parcelas representaram os sistemas de plantio (SPD e SPC); as subparcelas, a granulometria dos calcários [grosso (PRNT = 56 %) e fino (PRNT = 90 %)], e as subsubparcelas, as doses de 2, 4 e 6 t ha-1 (calcário grosso) e 1,2; 2,4 e 3,6 t ha-1 (fino). O solo foi amostrado, a 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade, 1, 3 e 12 meses após a aplicação dos corretivos. A análise de variância não detectou interação tripla entre os fatores. A aplicação de calcário superficial no SPD, independentemente da granulometria e da dose, alterou positivamente os atributos químicos do solo (0-5 e 5-10 cm), 12 meses após a calagem. O corretivo continuou reagindo, independentemente do sistema de plantio, de forma intensa, mesmo após três meses. A aplicação de doses mais elevadas de calcário, com maior granulometria, sugeriu efeito residual prolongado.
The interest of surface liming of soils on no-tillage system is increasing. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different lime particle sizes and doses applied during the implantation phase of no-tillage and in conventional tillage systems on soil pH and H + Al, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents. The experiment was carried out in 1998/99, on the experimental farm of São Paulo State University in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, on a Red Distroferric Latossol (Oxisol). A split plot experimental design with four replications was used. The number of plots represented the tillage system, the sub-plots represented particle sizes of limestone (large and small) and sub-sub plots lime doses of 2; 4 and 6 t ha-1 (large limestone particles) and 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 t ha-1 (small limestone particles). The soil was sampled (at depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm) 1, 3 and 12 months after liming. Variance analysis did not detect a three-fold interaction among the factors. 12 months after surface liming, chemical soil characteristics were positively affected (0-5 and 5-10 cm) in the no-tillage system, independent of particle size and doses. Even after more than three months, the fertilizer had a continuos strong effect, independent of the tillage system. Higher lime doses with large particle sizes provided a prolonged residual effect.
The interest of surface liming of soils on no-tillage system is increasing. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different lime particle sizes and doses applied during the implantation phase of no-tillage and in conventional tillage systems on soil pH and H + Al, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents. The experiment was carried out in 1998/99, on the experimental farm of São Paulo State University in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, on a Red Distroferric Latossol (Oxisol). A split plot experimental design with four replications was used. The number of plots represented the tillage system, the sub-plots represented particle sizes of limestone (large and small) and sub-sub plots lime doses of 2; 4 and 6 t ha-1 (large limestone particles) and 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 t ha-1 (small limestone particles). The soil was sampled (at depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm) 1, 3 and 12 months after liming. Variance analysis did not detect a three-fold interaction among the factors. 12 months after surface liming, chemical soil characteristics were positively affected (0-5 and 5-10 cm) in the no-tillage system, independent of particle size and doses. Even after more than three months, the fertilizer had a continuos strong effect, independent of the tillage system. Higher lime doses with large particle sizes provided a prolonged residual effect.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
plantio direto, calagem, acidez, fertilidade do solo, mobilidade de cátions, no-tillage, liming, acidity, soil fertility, cation mobility
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 27, n. 3, p. 553-561, 2003.