Fontes e períodos de contato de fertilizantes e germinação de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha
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Data
2007-02-01
Autores
Mateus, Gustavo Pavan
Borghi, Émerson [UNESP]
Marques, Rúbia Renata [UNESP]
Villas Boas, Roberto Lyra [UNESP]
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
A mistura de sementes forrageiras com fertilizantes pode viabilizar o cultivo consorciado, por diminuir a competição com a cultura produtora de grãos. No entanto, se realizada muito antes da semeadura, pode prejudicar a emergência e o estabelecimento das forrageiras. Realizou-se trabalho em condições de laboratório e casa de vegetação, em Botucatu (SP), com o objetivo de avaliar a germinação de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha em razão do tempo de mistura com fertilizantes químicos. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de um fatorial 6 x 8, constituído de diferentes períodos de contato das sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cultivar Marandu (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 e 96 h) com os fertilizantes uréia, sulfato de amônio, cloreto de potássio, sulfato de potássio, superfosfato simples, superfosfato triplo e formulado N-P-K (8-28-16) nas formas de mistura de grânulos e farelado. Não houve relação entre os testes de germinação em laboratório e a emergência a campo. No solo, a emergência das plântulas de Brachiaria brizantha não é afetada se realizada a mistura com fertilizantes minerais fosfatados, cloreto de potássio e formulado farelado até 96 h antes da semeadura.
The mixture of forage seeds with mineral fertilizers can make intercropping systems possible by reducing competition with the grain-producing crop. However, if the mixture is prepared too early before sowing, the emergence and establishment of the forages can be negatively affected. Therefore, experiment were carried out in laboratory and greenhouse conditions, in Botucatu, São Paulo, to evaluate Brachiaria brizantha seed germination as related to the time of contact with distinct chemical fertilizers. The experiment had a completely randomized block design, in a 6 x 8 factorial scheme, with six contact periods of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu seeds (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours), with eight chemical fertilizers (urea, ammonium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulphate, simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, NPK 8-28-16 mixture as a mixture of granules or powder), in four replications. There was no relation between the germination tests under laboratory with that under field conditions. Under field conditions, Brachiaria brizantha plant emergence is not affected if the phosphate fertilizers, potassium chloride and formulated NPK powder are mixed with the seeds up to 96 h before sowing.
The mixture of forage seeds with mineral fertilizers can make intercropping systems possible by reducing competition with the grain-producing crop. However, if the mixture is prepared too early before sowing, the emergence and establishment of the forages can be negatively affected. Therefore, experiment were carried out in laboratory and greenhouse conditions, in Botucatu, São Paulo, to evaluate Brachiaria brizantha seed germination as related to the time of contact with distinct chemical fertilizers. The experiment had a completely randomized block design, in a 6 x 8 factorial scheme, with six contact periods of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu seeds (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours), with eight chemical fertilizers (urea, ammonium sulphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulphate, simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, NPK 8-28-16 mixture as a mixture of granules or powder), in four replications. There was no relation between the germination tests under laboratory with that under field conditions. Under field conditions, Brachiaria brizantha plant emergence is not affected if the phosphate fertilizers, potassium chloride and formulated NPK powder are mixed with the seeds up to 96 h before sowing.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
forrageira, adubos, emergência, Forage, mineral fertilizer, field emergence
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 31, n. 1, p. 177-183, 2007.