Recuperação do nitrogênio da mistura de uréia e sulfato de amônio por plantas do milho
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Data
2005-01-01
Autores
Villas Boas, Roberto Lyra [UNESP]
Boaretto, Antonio Enedi
Godoy, Leandro José Grava de [UNESP]
Fernandes, Dirceu Maximino [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
A mistura de uréia com fertilizantes de características ácidas aplicada ao solo pode aumentar a concentração de íons H+ próximos do grânulo e promover a redução da perda de N por volatilização. O experimento foi desenvolvido em vasos com 15 kg de Latossolo Vermelho textura média, sob túnel plástico, em Botucatu (SP), nos quais foram crescidas plantas de milho (duas plantas por vaso) até o pendoamento (66 dias após a emergência - DAE). Como tratamentos foi realizada a adubação (100 mg dm-3 N), no estádio de cinco folhas (30 DAE) utilizando os seguintes fertilizantes ou misturas físicas: (1) uréia (UR), enriquecida com 15N; (2) sulfato de amônio (SA), enriquecido com 15N; (3) sulfnitro (80% de N-UR e 20% de N-SA no mesmo grânulo); (4) mistura de UR (80% N) e SA (20% N e enriquecido com 15N); (5) mistura de UR (50% N) e SA (50% N), enriquecidos com 15N; (6) mistura de UR (50% N) e SA (50% N e enriquecido com 15N), (7) mistura de UR (50% N) e SA (50% N), enriquecido com 15N, diluídos em água (solução contendo 3% de N) e mais um tratamento que não recebeu N. A mistura de UR e SA não promoveu aumento na recuperação do N da uréia na planta de milho. do total de 15N-fertilizante aplicado, aproximadamente, 67% foram recuperados pela planta de milho (29% nas folhas, 25% no caule e 13% nas raízes) e 6% no solo, com uma perda estimada de 27%. O 15N da uréia foi recuperado em menor quantidade no caule em relação ao N do sulfato de amônio.
The mixture of urea with fertilizers with acid characteristics applied to the soil can increase the ions H+ concentration close of the granule and promote the reduction of N volatilization losses. The experiment was carried out in pots with 15 kg of a medium textured Red Latossol, under plastic tunnel, in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, in which corn plants were grown (two plants per pot) until tasseling (66 days after emergency - DAE). The treatments comprised application of N-fertilizer (100 mg N dm-3), at the five-leaves stage (30 DAE), using the following fertilizers or mixtures: (1) urea (UR) enriched with 15N; (2) ammonium sulphate (AS) enriched with 15N; (3) sulfnitro (80% of N-UR and 20% of N-AS in the same granule); (4) mixture of UR (80% N) and AS (20% N and enriched with 15N); (5) mixture of UR (50% N) and AS (50% N) both enriched with 15N; (6) mixture of UR (50% N) and AS (50% N and enriched with 15N) and (7) mixture of UR (50% N); AS (50% N), both enriched with 15N, diluted in water (solution containing 3% of N), plus a treatment did not receive N. The mixture UR and AS did not affect N recovery by corn plant. of the total 15N applied, about 67% were recovered by the corn plant (29% in the leaves, 25% in the stem and 13% in the roots) and 6% in the soil, with an estimated loss of 27%. The 15N of urea was recovered in smaller amount in the stem in relation to that from ammonium sulphate.
The mixture of urea with fertilizers with acid characteristics applied to the soil can increase the ions H+ concentration close of the granule and promote the reduction of N volatilization losses. The experiment was carried out in pots with 15 kg of a medium textured Red Latossol, under plastic tunnel, in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, in which corn plants were grown (two plants per pot) until tasseling (66 days after emergency - DAE). The treatments comprised application of N-fertilizer (100 mg N dm-3), at the five-leaves stage (30 DAE), using the following fertilizers or mixtures: (1) urea (UR) enriched with 15N; (2) ammonium sulphate (AS) enriched with 15N; (3) sulfnitro (80% of N-UR and 20% of N-AS in the same granule); (4) mixture of UR (80% N) and AS (20% N and enriched with 15N); (5) mixture of UR (50% N) and AS (50% N) both enriched with 15N; (6) mixture of UR (50% N) and AS (50% N and enriched with 15N) and (7) mixture of UR (50% N); AS (50% N), both enriched with 15N, diluted in water (solution containing 3% of N), plus a treatment did not receive N. The mixture UR and AS did not affect N recovery by corn plant. of the total 15N applied, about 67% were recovered by the corn plant (29% in the leaves, 25% in the stem and 13% in the roots) and 6% in the soil, with an estimated loss of 27%. The 15N of urea was recovered in smaller amount in the stem in relation to that from ammonium sulphate.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Zea mays L, 15N, fertilizante nitrogenado, volatilização, Zea mays L., 15N, nitrogen fertilizer, volatilization
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 64, n. 2, p. 263-272, 2005.