Fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica em cadeirantes: jogadores de basquetebol e não praticantes
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Data
2008-06-01
Autores
Quintana, Rafael
Neiva, Cassiano Merussi [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte
Resumo
A atividade física tem sido sistematicamente estudada como fator preventivo no acometimento de enfermidades crônico-degenerativas, especialmente a síndrome metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares. Sedentarismo está relacionado à diminuição ou ausência de parâmetros mínimos de exigência física diária além do estado de repouso, sendo este fortemente associado à redução na condição de saúde dos indivíduos portadores de deficiência física. As respostas metabólicas do organismo mediante a ausência de determinada musculatura, ou sua inatividade pela falta de estímulos, conduzem a diferenças significativas na estruturação da composição corporal. Esta pesquisa teve como objeto o exercício físico regular e a condição de saúde de indivíduos portadores de deficiência física, através da determinação do perfil antropométrico e bioquímico sangüíneo, e ainda pela determinação da prevalência de fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica. Foram estudados 27 homens com paraplegia (T2-L1), portadores de seqüelas de poliomielite ou amputados, divididos em jogadores de basquetebol cadeirantes (JBC) e não jogadores de basquetebol cadeirantes (NJBC). Os JBC apresentaram circunferência de cintura menor comparada aos NJBC, 76,40±8,44 e 89,25±9,73 cm respectivamente (p<0,05). A pressão arterial sistólica foi significativamente maior nos NJBC 123,33±13,70 e 114,00±9,85 mmHg para JBC (p<0,05), não sendo verificada diferença para PAD. Os NJBC apresentaram valores superiores aos JBC para a bioquímica sangüínea de glicemia, TG, CT e frações, exceto para HDL-C (p<0,05). Os indivíduos NJBC apresentaram alta prevalência para fatores de risco da SM, sendo hipertensão arterial prevalente em 58,33% dos indivíduos, dislipidemia de HDL-C presente em 50% e circunferência de cintura acima da normalidade em 41,66%. Os achados do presente estudo sugerem um papel importante do exercício físico na prevenção da síndrome metabólica, embora estudos adicionais devam ser realizados para a melhor compreensão dos mecanismos que promovem a saúde dos deficientes físicos ativos.
Physical activity has been systematically studied as a prevention element of chronic degenerative diseases, especially the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Sedentary habits are related to the decrease or absence of minimal parameters of daily physical exercises beyond the resting condition, and they have been strongly associated with the decrease of health in disabled individuals. The metabolic responses of the body in the absence of certain muscles, or its inactivity due to the lack of stimuli, lead to significant differences in the structure of the body composition. This research had as aim regular physical exercise and health condition of disabled individuals, through the determination of the anthropometric and blood biochemical profile. Moreover, the prevalence of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome has been determined. 27 men with paraplegia (T2-L1), presenting polio sequelas or amputation, were divided in two groups: wheelchair basketball players and (WBP) and wheelchair non-basketball players (WNBP). The WBP presented waist circumference smaller than the WNBP, 76.40+8.44 and 89.25+9.73 cm respectively (p<0.05). The systolic arterial pressure was significant bigger in WNBP 123.33+13.70 and 144.00+9.85 mmHg for WBP (p<0.05), and no difference for PAD was verified. WNBP presented higher numbers than WBP for blood glycemic biochemistry, TG, CT and fractions, except for HDL-C (p<0.05). WNBP individuals presented high prevalence for risk factors of metabolic syndrome, being arterial hypertension prevalent in 58.33% of the individuals; HDL-C dyslipidemia present in 50%, and waist circumference above normality in 41.66%. The findings of the present study corroborate others described in the literature on high prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome among individuals with physical disabilities with low levels of regular physical activity. The evidence raised suggests an important role of regular physical exercise as suitable prevention device for metabolic syndrome.
Physical activity has been systematically studied as a prevention element of chronic degenerative diseases, especially the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Sedentary habits are related to the decrease or absence of minimal parameters of daily physical exercises beyond the resting condition, and they have been strongly associated with the decrease of health in disabled individuals. The metabolic responses of the body in the absence of certain muscles, or its inactivity due to the lack of stimuli, lead to significant differences in the structure of the body composition. This research had as aim regular physical exercise and health condition of disabled individuals, through the determination of the anthropometric and blood biochemical profile. Moreover, the prevalence of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome has been determined. 27 men with paraplegia (T2-L1), presenting polio sequelas or amputation, were divided in two groups: wheelchair basketball players and (WBP) and wheelchair non-basketball players (WNBP). The WBP presented waist circumference smaller than the WNBP, 76.40+8.44 and 89.25+9.73 cm respectively (p<0.05). The systolic arterial pressure was significant bigger in WNBP 123.33+13.70 and 144.00+9.85 mmHg for WBP (p<0.05), and no difference for PAD was verified. WNBP presented higher numbers than WBP for blood glycemic biochemistry, TG, CT and fractions, except for HDL-C (p<0.05). WNBP individuals presented high prevalence for risk factors of metabolic syndrome, being arterial hypertension prevalent in 58.33% of the individuals; HDL-C dyslipidemia present in 50%, and waist circumference above normality in 41.66%. The findings of the present study corroborate others described in the literature on high prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome among individuals with physical disabilities with low levels of regular physical activity. The evidence raised suggests an important role of regular physical exercise as suitable prevention device for metabolic syndrome.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
atividade física, promoção da saúde, deficiência física, síndrome metabólica, physical activity, health promotion, physical disability, metabolic syndrome
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte, v. 14, n. 3, p. 188-191, 2008.