Silício na tolerância ao alumínio por plantas de arroz
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Data
2011-02-24
Autores
Freitas, Lucas Barbosa de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O arroz de terras altas tem características de rusticidade, tendo certa tolerância à acidez do solo e toxidez por alumínio, ferro, manganês e acumula altos níveis de silício. O silício absorvido proporciona às plantas melhorias, entre elas ameniza a toxidez por alumínio. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interação do silício na tolerância de plantas de arroz a alumínio. Foram instalados dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, o primeiro foi conduzido em solução nutritiva, e o segundo em vasos com solo, ambos utilizaram delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos de ambos experimentos foram constituídos por dois cultivares de arroz de terras altas (BRS Talento - não tolerante e Guarani - tolerante ao Al tóxico), e cinco doses de Si (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 mg dm-3). No experimento I as plantas ficaram quatorze dias na solução nutritiva com Si e em seguida, trocou-se a solução retirando o Si e adicionando 40 mg dm-3 de Al3+, e no experimento II, utilizou-se solo naturalmente alumínico. Para o experimento I em solução nutritiva, foram avaliados: comprimento, área de superfície, volume e diâmetro médio radicular, altura de planta, número de perfilhos por planta, produção de matéria seca e teores de nutrientes do sistema radicular e da parte aérea e quantidade acumulada de nutrientes na raiz, parte aérea e absorvida por metro de raiz. No experimento II em vasos com solo, foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: altura da planta, número de perfilhos por planta, produção de matéria seca, teores e acúmulo de nutrientes da parte aérea, número de colmos por metro quadrado, porcentagem de colmos férteis, número de panículas, número total de espiguetas por panícula, número de espiguetas granadas e chochas por panícula, fertilidade das espiguetas, massa...
The upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) has characteristics of rusticity, having some tolerance to soil acidity and toxic aluminum, iron, manganese and accumulate high levels of silicon. The silicon absorbed provides the plant improvements, including alleviates toxic aluminum. Given the above, the objective was to evaluate the interaction of silicon on tolerance of rice plants to aluminum. Two experiments were established in the greenhouse, the first was conducted in nutrient solution, and the second in pots with soil, both used in a completely randomized design in factorial 2 x 5 with four replications. The treatments of both experiments consisted of two cultivars of upland rice (BRS Talento - not tolerant and Guarani - tolerant to Al toxicity), and added five doses Si (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg dm-3). In experiment I, plants were fourteen days in nutrient solution with Si and then changed the solution by removing the Si and adding 40 mg dm-3 Al3+, and in experiment II we used soil naturally aluminate. For the first experiment in nutrient solution were evaluated: length, surface area, volume and average root diameter, plant height, number of tillers-perplant, dry matter production, nutrient content of root and shoot and total quantity of nutrient in root, shoot and absorbed per meter of root. In experiment II in pots with soil, the following evaluations were made: plant height, number of tillers per plant, dry matter production, nutrient content of shoots, number of stems per square meter, percentage of fertile stalks, number of panicles, total number of spikelets per panicle, number of spikelets per panicle were empty and grenades, spikelet fertility, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and pH, organic matter... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) has characteristics of rusticity, having some tolerance to soil acidity and toxic aluminum, iron, manganese and accumulate high levels of silicon. The silicon absorbed provides the plant improvements, including alleviates toxic aluminum. Given the above, the objective was to evaluate the interaction of silicon on tolerance of rice plants to aluminum. Two experiments were established in the greenhouse, the first was conducted in nutrient solution, and the second in pots with soil, both used in a completely randomized design in factorial 2 x 5 with four replications. The treatments of both experiments consisted of two cultivars of upland rice (BRS Talento - not tolerant and Guarani - tolerant to Al toxicity), and added five doses Si (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg dm-3). In experiment I, plants were fourteen days in nutrient solution with Si and then changed the solution by removing the Si and adding 40 mg dm-3 Al3+, and in experiment II we used soil naturally aluminate. For the first experiment in nutrient solution were evaluated: length, surface area, volume and average root diameter, plant height, number of tillers-perplant, dry matter production, nutrient content of root and shoot and total quantity of nutrient in root, shoot and absorbed per meter of root. In experiment II in pots with soil, the following evaluations were made: plant height, number of tillers per plant, dry matter production, nutrient content of shoots, number of stems per square meter, percentage of fertile stalks, number of panicles, total number of spikelets per panicle, number of spikelets per panicle were empty and grenades, spikelet fertility, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and pH, organic matter... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arroz, Nutrição de plantas, Aluminio, Silício na agricultura, Oryza sativa L, Silicon, Aluminum, Nutrition
Como citar
FREITAS, Lucas Barbosa de. Silício na tolerância ao alumínio por plantas de arroz. 2011. xi, 100 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2011.