Influência da combinação e modernização dos sistemas que integram o GNSS no georreferenciamento de imóveis rurais
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Data
2012-08-20
Autores
Pinto, Marcelo Solfa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A questão agrária sempre foi e ainda é um tema bastante discutido no Brasil, principalmente no que diz respeito à posse da terra. A Lei nº 10.267, de 28 de Agosto de 2001, foi um grande avanço para a questão agrária, pois a altera o Sistema Público de Registro de Terras e cria o Cadastro Nacional de Imóveis Rurais (CNIR). A partir de então, todos os imóveis rurais devem ser georreferenciados ao Sistema Geodésico Brasileiro (SGB). Esta lei tem por objetivo evitar a apropriação irregular de terras e identificar terras devolutas federais e estaduais. Para o georreferenciamento dos imóveis ao SGB são utilizados métodos de posicionamento por satélites e convencionais. Mudanças vêm ocorrendo nos sistemas de posicionamento por satélites em razão do acréscimo de novos sinais no GPS (Global Positioning System), a reestruturação do GLONASS (Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System), além dos novos sistemas que vêm sendo desenvolvidos, como o Galileo e o Beidou/Compass. O acréscimo de observáveis advindas de outros sistemas, além do GPS, possibilita uma nova geometria na distribuição dos satélites e aumento significativo do número de observáveis por época. Para avaliar os efeitos da combinação de dados GPS/GLONASS e o sinal modernizado GPS, foram realizados processamentos com diferentes configurações de sistemas e tempo de rastreio. As estratégias de processamento foram aplicadas para o transporte de coordenadas dos pontos de apoio básico e determinação dos pontos limítrofes de imóveis rurais. Ao final, verificou-se que o uso de efemérides precisas no transporte de pontos de apoio não apresenta influência relevante, pois o transporte com efemérides transmitidas também atende a exigência de precisão da Norma Técnica de Georreferenciamento de Imóveis Rurais (NTGIR); o posicionamento...
The land question has always been and still is a topic widely discussed in Brazil, especially with regard to land tenure. The establishment of Law No. 10,267 on August 28, 2001was a major breakthrough for de agrarian question, because amending the Public Registry of Lands and creates National Registry of Rural Properties was a breakthrough. Since then, all rural properties must be georreferenced to the Brazilian Geodetic System (BGS). This law aims to prevent the illegal appropriation of land and identify federal and state lands. For georreferencing of property to the BGS methods are used satellite positioning and conventional survey are used. Changes have been occurring in the satellite positioning systems, due to the addition of new signals in the GPS system, restructuring of the GLONASS system, as well as new system are being developed, such as Galileo and Beidou/Compass. The addition of observables arising from other systems, in addition to GPS, enables a new geometry in the distribution of satellites and a significant increase in the number of observables per epoch. To evaluate the effects of combination data GPS/GLONASS and modernizes GPS signal, processing were performed with different system configurations and time tracking. The processing strategies have been applied for the transport of coordinates of the points of support and determining the neighboring points. Finally, it was found that the use of precise ephemeris in coordinate transport not have important influence, because the broadcast ephemeris was also satisfactory when required, according to Standard Techinique Georreferencing Rural Properties, the precise point positioning (PPP) also showed satisfactory accuracy for such processing of support point. In the case of adjacent points, the same system is also recommended, even with lower trace time. Also been found that the use of data GPS/GLONASS showed the best results, both for determination of suport point as limits
The land question has always been and still is a topic widely discussed in Brazil, especially with regard to land tenure. The establishment of Law No. 10,267 on August 28, 2001was a major breakthrough for de agrarian question, because amending the Public Registry of Lands and creates National Registry of Rural Properties was a breakthrough. Since then, all rural properties must be georreferenced to the Brazilian Geodetic System (BGS). This law aims to prevent the illegal appropriation of land and identify federal and state lands. For georreferencing of property to the BGS methods are used satellite positioning and conventional survey are used. Changes have been occurring in the satellite positioning systems, due to the addition of new signals in the GPS system, restructuring of the GLONASS system, as well as new system are being developed, such as Galileo and Beidou/Compass. The addition of observables arising from other systems, in addition to GPS, enables a new geometry in the distribution of satellites and a significant increase in the number of observables per epoch. To evaluate the effects of combination data GPS/GLONASS and modernizes GPS signal, processing were performed with different system configurations and time tracking. The processing strategies have been applied for the transport of coordinates of the points of support and determining the neighboring points. Finally, it was found that the use of precise ephemeris in coordinate transport not have important influence, because the broadcast ephemeris was also satisfactory when required, according to Standard Techinique Georreferencing Rural Properties, the precise point positioning (PPP) also showed satisfactory accuracy for such processing of support point. In the case of adjacent points, the same system is also recommended, even with lower trace time. Also been found that the use of data GPS/GLONASS showed the best results, both for determination of suport point as limits
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cartografia, Georreferenciamento, GPS (Programa de computador), Satelites artificiais, Satelites geodesicos, Cartography
Como citar
PINTO, Marcelo Solfa. Influência da combinação e modernização dos sistemas que integram o GNSS no georreferenciamento de imóveis rurais. 2012. 115 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012.