Inversor Buck-Boost integrado para aplicações com micro-geradores eólicos
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Data
2012-02-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo propõe a utilização do conversor integrado Buck-Boost monofásico no aproveitamento da energia proveniente de pequenos geradores eólicos, considerando-se o atual crescimento da utilização em pequena escala de potência das fontes de energia alternativas, o que motiva o desenvolvimento de novas e eficientes tecnologias para os sistemas de conversão. Tipicamente, os sistemas de conversão de energia eólica, em baixas potências, disponibilizam tensões contínuas de saída na faixa de 12 V até 48 V (valores médios), por outro lado, a grande maioria das cargas de uso domiciliar necessitam de tensão alternada com valores eficazes entre 110 V a 240 V. Isto leva à necessidade da utilização de conversores CC-CA, denominados de inversores. As estruturas inversoras tradicionais fornecem tensões alternadas cujo valor de pico está limitado ao valor máximo da tensão de entrada, o que leva à necessidade de incluir um estágio elevador adicional ao sistema de conversão de energia eólica, antes de realizar a conversão CC-CA, resultando em redução do rendimento, aumento de peso e volume. O inversor integrado apresentado neste trabalho realiza, em uma única estrutura, as funções de elevação e redução da tensão, próprias do conversor Buck-Boost CC-CC, e a função de conversão de tensão contínua em alternada, garantindo uma baixa distorção harmônica para a tensão de saída e um rendimento elevado. Porém, as características dinâmicas são as correspondentes às do conversor Buck-Boost CC-CC, o que significa a presença de um zero no semi-plano positivo, com a conseqüente limitação no projeto dos controladores. Para resolver esta situação, adotou-se como estratégia o controle em modo corrente por valores médios instantâneos. Um requisito para a realização desta estratégia...
This work proposes the utilization of the single-phase integrated Buck-Boost inverter in small wind energy conversion systems, considering the constant increase use of low power renewable and alternative energy systems in the last decade. This fact has been encouraging the development of new and more efficient technologies for these conversion systems. Typically, small wind energy conversion systems supply DC voltages within 12 to 48 Volts (mean values). However, the most of the domestic loads require AC voltage to operate (with rms values within 110 to 240 V) and it is necessary to use DC-AC converters (known as inverters). Traditional inverters supply AC voltage with peak values that are lower than the peak value of the input DC voltage, then an extra boost input stage is required before the DC- AC conversion, resulting in additional losses and reduced efficiency, greater size and weight. The proposed inverter is able to reduce and boost the DC input voltage (as an buck- boost converter) and also to make the DC-AC conversion with low harmonics and high efficiency, all in a single stage. However, dynamics are the same of the DC-DC buck-boost converter; this means a right half-plane zero which limits the compensator performance. To overcome this limitation, the used control strategy is the current programming mode. In order to obtain a linear equivalent model (required for this control strategy) the converter is modeled by the state averaging method. Furthermore, as buck-boost is an inductive accumulation converter, the resulting topology is a current source inverter. Thus, reverse blocking capability is required for the transistors at the inverter bridge. Two alternatives were considered to implement the inverter bridge: IGBTs with reverse blocking capability (RB- IGBTs) and the series association of diode and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This work proposes the utilization of the single-phase integrated Buck-Boost inverter in small wind energy conversion systems, considering the constant increase use of low power renewable and alternative energy systems in the last decade. This fact has been encouraging the development of new and more efficient technologies for these conversion systems. Typically, small wind energy conversion systems supply DC voltages within 12 to 48 Volts (mean values). However, the most of the domestic loads require AC voltage to operate (with rms values within 110 to 240 V) and it is necessary to use DC-AC converters (known as inverters). Traditional inverters supply AC voltage with peak values that are lower than the peak value of the input DC voltage, then an extra boost input stage is required before the DC- AC conversion, resulting in additional losses and reduced efficiency, greater size and weight. The proposed inverter is able to reduce and boost the DC input voltage (as an buck- boost converter) and also to make the DC-AC conversion with low harmonics and high efficiency, all in a single stage. However, dynamics are the same of the DC-DC buck-boost converter; this means a right half-plane zero which limits the compensator performance. To overcome this limitation, the used control strategy is the current programming mode. In order to obtain a linear equivalent model (required for this control strategy) the converter is modeled by the state averaging method. Furthermore, as buck-boost is an inductive accumulation converter, the resulting topology is a current source inverter. Thus, reverse blocking capability is required for the transistors at the inverter bridge. Two alternatives were considered to implement the inverter bridge: IGBTs with reverse blocking capability (RB- IGBTs) and the series association of diode and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Energia eólica, Energia – Fontes alternativas, Wind energy
Como citar
UGAZ PEÑA, José Carlos. Inversor Buck-Boost integrado para aplicações com micro-geradores eólicos. 2012. 127 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2012.