Efeito de um treinamento de FNP sobre variáveis biomecânicas em idosos caidores
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Data
2008-12-18
Autores
Pereira, Marcelo Pinto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O principal objetivo dessa Dissertação foi avaliar o desempenho em contrações isométricas de flexo-extensão do joelho e o padrão da marcha em indivíduos idosos com potencial para sofrerem quedas e avaliar o efeito de um treinamento sobre essas variaveis. Quinze mulheres (71,67+6,60 anos), caidoras, as quais foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos (Grupo Treino – GT; e Grupo Controle – GC) realizaram testes antes e após um período de treinamento de 10 semanas de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP): i) Aplicação da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), contrações isométricas voluntárias máximas de flexão e extensão do joelho; ii) marcha por vinte minutos na velocidade de preferência; iii) analise da marcha a 2km/h, 3km/h, 4km/h e na velocidade de preferência. Nos testes de contração máxima a Taxa de Desenvolvimento de Força (TDF) e força máxima foram obtidas. O registro eletromiografico (EMG) de Root Mean Square (RMS), freqüência mediana (FM) e Indice de Co-ativação (IC) entre músculos vasto-lateral (VL), vasto-medial (VM), reto-femoral e bíceps femoral (BF) foram determinados. Durante o teste de marcha por 20 minutos foram adquiridos os registros EMG dos VL, RF, VM, BF, tibial anterior (TA), fibular longo (FB), gastrocnêmio medial (GM) e gastrocnêmio lateral (GL) em três diferentes períodos do protocolo (no inicio, no meio e no final do protocolo). Ainda, esses registros foram obtidos em quatro diferentes fases da marcha: pré-contato do calcâneo no solo (Pré), durante o toque do mesmo (Toque), durante a retirada dos dedos (Retirada) e durante todo o ciclo da marcha (Ciclo). Também foram determinadas as seguintes variáveis cinemáticas: freqüência e comprimento de passada, velocidade do calcâneo no momento do seu toque no solo (VEL), sua aceleração mínima prévia ao toque e tempo de apoio. Por fim, no protocolo com quatro...
The main objective of this Dissertation was to evaluate the knee flexion-extension isometric performance and gait pattern in elderly fallers and to evaluate a training course effect on these variables. Fifteen elderly female fallers (71.67+6.60 years), randomly divided into two groups (Training Group - TG, and Control Group - GC), performed a tests battery before and after 10 weeks of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation training period, consisting of: i) The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) application, knee extension and flexion isometric contractions, ii) twenty minutes gait at their preferred walking speed, iii) gait analysis at 2km/h, 3 km/h; 4km/h and in their preferred walking speed. In maximum knee flexion and extension contractions the Rate of Development Force (TDF) was achieved in as the maximal force, the electromyography (EMG) Root Mean Square (RMS), median frequency (MF) and Coactivation Index (IC) from vastus-lateralis (VL), vastus-medialis (VM), rectusfemoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. During the 20 minutes walking test the EMG signal from VL, RF, VM, BF, tibialis anterior (TA), fibularis longus (FB), medial gastrocnemius (GM) and lateral gastrocnemius (GL) in three different Protocol periods (at the beginning, medial and at the end). These records were obtained in four different gait phases: Pre-contact (Pre), during the the heel contact (Contact), at the toe-off and throughout the entire gait cycle. The EMG data were also used to determine CI during gait. Also the following kinemetry variables were measured: step length and frequency, heel velocity during its strike on the ground (VEL) and its minimal acceleration previous the heel strike. Finally, during the four speed protocol the VEL, CI around knee and ankle and the RMS and MF were determined at Pre, Contact and Cycle. The results show that during isometric contractions the CI is related significantly with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The main objective of this Dissertation was to evaluate the knee flexion-extension isometric performance and gait pattern in elderly fallers and to evaluate a training course effect on these variables. Fifteen elderly female fallers (71.67+6.60 years), randomly divided into two groups (Training Group - TG, and Control Group - GC), performed a tests battery before and after 10 weeks of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation training period, consisting of: i) The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) application, knee extension and flexion isometric contractions, ii) twenty minutes gait at their preferred walking speed, iii) gait analysis at 2km/h, 3 km/h; 4km/h and in their preferred walking speed. In maximum knee flexion and extension contractions the Rate of Development Force (TDF) was achieved in as the maximal force, the electromyography (EMG) Root Mean Square (RMS), median frequency (MF) and Coactivation Index (IC) from vastus-lateralis (VL), vastus-medialis (VM), rectusfemoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. During the 20 minutes walking test the EMG signal from VL, RF, VM, BF, tibialis anterior (TA), fibularis longus (FB), medial gastrocnemius (GM) and lateral gastrocnemius (GL) in three different Protocol periods (at the beginning, medial and at the end). These records were obtained in four different gait phases: Pre-contact (Pre), during the the heel contact (Contact), at the toe-off and throughout the entire gait cycle. The EMG data were also used to determine CI during gait. Also the following kinemetry variables were measured: step length and frequency, heel velocity during its strike on the ground (VEL) and its minimal acceleration previous the heel strike. Finally, during the four speed protocol the VEL, CI around knee and ankle and the RMS and MF were determined at Pre, Contact and Cycle. The results show that during isometric contractions the CI is related significantly with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cinesiologia, Envelhecimento, Eletromiografia, Idosos, Marcha, Quedas, Co-ativação, Cinemetria, Gait, Elderly, Falls, Electromyography, Coactivation, Kinemetry
Como citar
PEREIRA, Marcelo Pinto. Efeito de um treinamento de FNP sobre variáveis biomecânicas em idosos caidores. 2008. 157 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2008.