Alterações sensoriais e motoras associadas ao envelhecimento e controle postural de idosos
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Data
2008-07-18
Autores
Toledo, Diana Rezende de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O avanço da idade vem acompanhado de muitas alterações estruturais, funcionais e comportamentais. Como um bom desempenho do controle postural depende da integridade dos sistemas sensoriais e motor, as deteriorações que ocorrem nestes sistemas com o envelhecimento poderiam influenciar o desempenho de controle postural em indivíduos idosos. Entretanto, ainda não estão claras quais alterações funcionais nos sistemas sensoriais e motor são provocadas pelo envelhecimento por si só, bem como a relação entre estas alterações e as mudanças no desempenho de controle postural de adultos idosos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho dos sistemas sensoriais e motor e do controle postural de adultos idosos e investigar a relação entre as alterações destes sistemas e o controle postural desta população. Vinte adultos idosos (68,9±3,7 anos) (GAI) e 20 adultos jovens (21,9±2,1 anos) (GAJ) foram submetidos a avaliações sensoriais, motoras e de controle portural. As avaliações sensoriais foram compostas por avaliação visual (acuidade e sensibilidade ao contraste) e somatossensorial (sensibilidade cutânea e sensibilidade ao movimento passivo). As avaliações motoras consistiram de medidas de torque articular e de latência de ativação muscular após perturbação da superfície de suporte. As avaliações de controle postural consistiram de medidas de oscilação corporal durante manutenção da postura ereta (em semi-tandem stance), resolução de conflito sensorial (movimentação discreta de uma sala móvel) e acoplamento entre informação visual e oscilação corporal (movimentação periódica,...
With aging, individuals exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. As a good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance of older adults. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes are due to aging per se, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Twenty older adults (68,9±3,7 years) (GAI) and 20 young adults (21,9±2,1 years) (GAJ) were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance), the resolution of a sensory conflict (discrete movement of a moving room) and the coupling between visual information...(Complete abastract, click electronic access below)
With aging, individuals exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. As a good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance of older adults. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes are due to aging per se, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Twenty older adults (68,9±3,7 years) (GAI) and 20 young adults (21,9±2,1 years) (GAJ) were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance), the resolution of a sensory conflict (discrete movement of a moving room) and the coupling between visual information...(Complete abastract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento, Capacidade motora, Postura humana, Sistemas sensoriais, Sistema motor, Controle postural, Sala móvel, Aging, Sensory systems, Motor system, Postural control, Moving room
Como citar
TOLEDO, Diana Rezende de. Alterações sensoriais e motoras associadas ao envelhecimento e controle postural de idosos. 2008. 145 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2008.