Influência de fragmentos florestais nativos sobre os parâmetros químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2011-07-22
Autores
Freitas, Ludmila de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No Brasil, o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar destaca-se como uma das mais antigas atividades agroeconômicas, sendo as produções de açúcar e álcool as principais finalidades de sua exploração. Atualmente, é considerada a cultura com maior percentual de crescimento de área cultivada e com perspectivas de maior crescimento nas próximas safras devido à demanda mundial por combustíveis ambientalmente corretos. As vantagens da presença de floresta em áreas agrícolas são raramente discutidas, como, por exemplo, qual é o potencial que a floresta possui de fertilizar o solo ao seu redor. O presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos com a finalidade de explicar a influência de fragmentos florestais nativos sobre a produção e qualidade da cana-de-açúcar cultivada próximo aos fragmentos e, também, comprovar a utilidade da conservação desses fragmentos. O estudo foi realizado em um fragmento no Centro de Ciências Agrárias – Campus de Araras da UFSCar, Estado de São Paulo, e os outros três fragmentos foram realizados na Usina Cosan - Unidade Bonfim, localizada na região Nordeste do Estado de São Paulo, no município de Jaboticabal. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades 0-10 e 10 a 20 cm, para análises químicas e físicas, e na profundidade de 0 a 10 cm para as análises microbiológicas, em intervalos de 5m, até a distância de 50m da borda florestal em direção à área agrícola e até 15 m para o interior da mata. Os resultados mostraram que há uma clara distinção entre o ambiente de vegetação nativa e o solo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar nas quatro áreas estudadas, quanto as propriedades químicas e físicas. Os solos com maiores teores de argila tendem a ter, nos primeiros 35 metros da borda para o interior do canavial, melhor qualidade, com...
In Brazil, the cultivation of sugar cane stands out as one of the oldest agrieconomics activities, and the production of sugar and alcohol are the main aims of its operation. Today, this kind of culture is regarded with the greatest growth percentage in cultivated area and has prospects for further growth in the coming seasons due to global demand for environmentally friendly fuels. The advantages of the presence of forest to agricultural land are rarely discussed, for example, what is the potential of the forest to fertilize the soil around them. This study aimed to characterize physical, chemical and microbiological tests in order to explain the influence of native forest fragments on production and quality of sugar cane grown near the fragments and also prove the usefulness of conservation of these fragments. The study was performed on a fragment in the Agricultural Science Center - UFSCar Campus Araras, São Paulo, and the other three fragments were held in Cosan Plant – Bonfim Unit, located in the northeastern of São Paulo State, in the city of Jaboticabal. Samples were collected with deepness of 0-10 and 10-20 cm for chemical, physical and and in the 0 to 10 cm for microbiological analysis at intervals of 5m to 50m away from the forest edge towards the agricultural area and up to 15 meters into the forest. The results showed a clear distinction between the environment of native vegetation and the sugar cane cultivated soil in the four studied areas in the chemical and physical properties, and that soils with higher clay content tend to have the first 35 meters from the edge into the cane field better soil quality, with almost sure that this result is because of the effect of the presence of forest on the chemical and physical soil parameters, which is not observed in soils with sandier... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In Brazil, the cultivation of sugar cane stands out as one of the oldest agrieconomics activities, and the production of sugar and alcohol are the main aims of its operation. Today, this kind of culture is regarded with the greatest growth percentage in cultivated area and has prospects for further growth in the coming seasons due to global demand for environmentally friendly fuels. The advantages of the presence of forest to agricultural land are rarely discussed, for example, what is the potential of the forest to fertilize the soil around them. This study aimed to characterize physical, chemical and microbiological tests in order to explain the influence of native forest fragments on production and quality of sugar cane grown near the fragments and also prove the usefulness of conservation of these fragments. The study was performed on a fragment in the Agricultural Science Center - UFSCar Campus Araras, São Paulo, and the other three fragments were held in Cosan Plant – Bonfim Unit, located in the northeastern of São Paulo State, in the city of Jaboticabal. Samples were collected with deepness of 0-10 and 10-20 cm for chemical, physical and and in the 0 to 10 cm for microbiological analysis at intervals of 5m to 50m away from the forest edge towards the agricultural area and up to 15 meters into the forest. The results showed a clear distinction between the environment of native vegetation and the sugar cane cultivated soil in the four studied areas in the chemical and physical properties, and that soils with higher clay content tend to have the first 35 meters from the edge into the cane field better soil quality, with almost sure that this result is because of the effect of the presence of forest on the chemical and physical soil parameters, which is not observed in soils with sandier... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solos (Agricultura), Matéria orgânica, Soils, Humus
Como citar
FREITAS, Ludmila de. Influência de fragmentos florestais nativos sobre os parâmetros químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar. 2011. 112 f. Dissertação - (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2011.