Anatomia e aspectos ultra-estruturais de pulvinos de leguminosas de cerrado
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Data
2006-02-24
Autores
Rodrigues, Tatiane Maria [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os ajustes no posicionamento foliar em leguminosas, causados pelos pulvinos, representam um mecanismo eficiente que permite a maximização da fotossíntese em condições adversas. De um modo geral, os pulvinos de diferentes leguminosas apresentam um padrão estrutural que propicia grande flexibilidade a esta região da folha, incluindo córtex parenquimático desenvolvido com endoderme típica, sistema vascular central, reduzida lignificação de tecidos e extensiva conexão simplástica. Além disso, o conteúdo celular da endoderme parece determinar a velocidade do movimento foliar. Tradicionalmente, considera-se que a curvatura do pulvino é causada principalmente pela mudança de turgor das células corticais, as chamadas células motoras; entretanto, alguns estudos sugerem que o sistema vascular do pulvino também participa do seu funcionamento. Contudo, a maior parte das informações em literatura sobre anatomia e ultra-estrutura dos pulvinos refere-se a poucas espécies de leguminosas, sendo Mimosa pudica a mais estudada e caracterizada por movimentos foliares seismonásticos rápidos. Este trabalho descreve a estrutura do pulvino primário de nove espécies de leguminosas nativas de cerrado, com ênfase nas características celulares da endoderme e do sistema vascular, utilizando técnicas usuais em anatomia vegetal e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Foram selecionadas espécies com diferentes tipos e velocidades de movimento foliar: movimentos nictinástico e heliotrópico lentos (Bauhinia rufa, Copaifera langsdorffii, Senna rugosa - Caesalpinioideae; Andira humilis e Dalbergia miscolobium - Faboideae; Stryphnodendron polyphyllum - Mimosoideae), movimento heliotrópico lento (Zornia diphylla - Faboideae) e movimentos seismonástico rápido e nictinástico e heliotrópico lentos (Mimosa rixosa e Mimosa flexuosa...
Leaf position adjustment in leguminous species, occasioned by pulvini, represent an efficient mechanism that allows the photosynthesis maximization in adverse conditions. The pulvini of different leguminous species show a structural pattern that gives large flexibility to this leaf region, including developed parenchymatous cortex with typical endodermis, central vascular system, reduced tissue lignifications and extensive symplastic connections. Furthermore, the endodermis cell content seems to determine the leaf movement velocity. Traditionally, the pulvinus curvature is considered to be caused by turgor changes of the cortical cells, called motor cells; however, some studies suggest that the vascular system also participate in the pulvinus functioning. Nevertheless, the majority of literature information about pulvinus anatomy and ultrastructure refers to few leguminous species, being the most studied Mimosa pudica, specie characterized by fast seismonastic leaf movements. This work describes the primary pulvinus structure of nine leguminous species native from Brazilian cerrado, with emphasis on endodermis and vascular system cell features, using common vegetal anatomy and transmission electronic microscopy techniques. Species with different kinds and velocity of leaf movement were selected: slow nyctinastic and heliotropic movements (Bauhinia rufa, Copaifera langsdorffii, Senna rugosa - Caesalpinioideae; Andira humilis and Dalbergia miscolobium - Faboideae; Stryphnodendron polyphyllum - Mimosoideae), slow heliotropic movement (Zornia diphylla - Faboideae) and fast seismonastic and slow nyctinastic and heliotropic movements (Mimosa rixosa and Mimosa flexuosa - Mimosoideae). The pulvini of the studied species show a similar structural pattern, independent on the subfamily to that they belong and on the movement... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Leaf position adjustment in leguminous species, occasioned by pulvini, represent an efficient mechanism that allows the photosynthesis maximization in adverse conditions. The pulvini of different leguminous species show a structural pattern that gives large flexibility to this leaf region, including developed parenchymatous cortex with typical endodermis, central vascular system, reduced tissue lignifications and extensive symplastic connections. Furthermore, the endodermis cell content seems to determine the leaf movement velocity. Traditionally, the pulvinus curvature is considered to be caused by turgor changes of the cortical cells, called motor cells; however, some studies suggest that the vascular system also participate in the pulvinus functioning. Nevertheless, the majority of literature information about pulvinus anatomy and ultrastructure refers to few leguminous species, being the most studied Mimosa pudica, specie characterized by fast seismonastic leaf movements. This work describes the primary pulvinus structure of nine leguminous species native from Brazilian cerrado, with emphasis on endodermis and vascular system cell features, using common vegetal anatomy and transmission electronic microscopy techniques. Species with different kinds and velocity of leaf movement were selected: slow nyctinastic and heliotropic movements (Bauhinia rufa, Copaifera langsdorffii, Senna rugosa - Caesalpinioideae; Andira humilis and Dalbergia miscolobium - Faboideae; Stryphnodendron polyphyllum - Mimosoideae), slow heliotropic movement (Zornia diphylla - Faboideae) and fast seismonastic and slow nyctinastic and heliotropic movements (Mimosa rixosa and Mimosa flexuosa - Mimosoideae). The pulvini of the studied species show a similar structural pattern, independent on the subfamily to that they belong and on the movement... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anatomia vegetal, Botânica - Morfologia, Pulvinos, Pulvini
Como citar
RODRIGUES, Tatiane Maria. Anatomia e aspectos ultra-estruturais de pulvinos de leguminosas de cerrado. 2006. 108 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2006.