Atributos de latossolos e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em decorrência da diversificação de culturas no período de reforma do canavial
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2013-04-18
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Silva, Roniram Pereira da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A diversificação de culturas, no período de reforma do canavial, pode contribuir para a melhoria dos atributos químicos e físicos do solo, incrementando seu potencial produtivo para o próximo ciclo da cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes usos do solo, no período de reforma do canavial, sobre os atributos de Latossolos e a produtividade da cana-deaçúcar. O experimento foi conduzido em duas áreas localizadas no município de Jaboticabal, SP (21°14’05’’ S e 48°17’09’’ W), em um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico (LVef) textura muito argilosa (argila = 680 g kg-1) e um Latossolo Vermelho ácrico (LVw) textura argilosa (argila = 440 g kg-1). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições e quatro tratamentos, caracterizados por diferentes usos do solo no período de reforma do canavial (soja/milheto/soja, soja/crotalária/soja, soja/pousio/soja e soja). Após a colheita da cana-de-açúcar, coletaram-se amostras de solo nas camadas 0,00–0,10, 0,10–0,20, 0,20–0,40 e 0,40–0,60 m de profundidade para a determinação dos atributos químicos (pH, matéria orgânica, P, K, Ca, Mg, H+A, T e V) e dos atributos físicos (índice de estabilidade de agregados em água, diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados, resistência do solo à penetração, densidade, macro, micro e porosidade total e curva de retenção de água no solo). O diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados e a resistência do solo à penetração foram determinados nas camadas de 0,00–0,10 e 0,10–0,20 m. Determinaram-se os teores de nutrientes aos 21 meses após o plantio do canavial. A produtividade da cana-de-açúcar e o açúcar total recuperável foram determinados nos dois primeiros cortes da cultura. Os diferentes usos do solo, no período de reforma do canavial, não influenciaram...
Crop diversification during the sugarcane fallow period, can improve chemical and physical soil attributes, increasing the yield potential of the following sugarcane cycle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different soil uses during the sugarcane fallow period before next sugarcane cycle, on the Oxisol attributes and sugarcane yield. The study took place in two experimental areas located at Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil (21°14'05'' S and 48°17'09'' W), under two Oxisoils: a very clayey (680 g kg-1) Eutroferric Red Oxisol, and a clayey (440 g kg-1) Acric Oxisol. A randomized block design was used with five replicates and four treatments. The treatments were different soil uses in the sugarcane fallow period (soybean/millet/soybean, soybean/sunnhemp/soybean, soybean/fallow/soybean, and soybean). After sugarcane harvesting, soil samples were collected at 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.40 and 0.40-0.60 m depth. In each soil sample were determined pH, organic matter, P, K, Ca, Mg and H + Al soil content and were calculated cation exchange capacity and base saturation percentage. Also in each soil sample were determined water aggregate stability index, aggregate mean weight diameter, soil penetration resistance, bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity and soil water retention curve. The aggregate mean weight diameter and soil penetration resistance were determined from 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m depth. The leaf nutrient content were determined 21 months after sugarcane planting. Sugarcane yield and total recoverable sugar were determined in the first and second harvests. The different land uses during the sugarcane fallow period did not affect chemical soil attributes, yield and total recoverable sugar in both soils (Eutroferric Red Oxisol and Acric Oxisol)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Crop diversification during the sugarcane fallow period, can improve chemical and physical soil attributes, increasing the yield potential of the following sugarcane cycle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different soil uses during the sugarcane fallow period before next sugarcane cycle, on the Oxisol attributes and sugarcane yield. The study took place in two experimental areas located at Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil (21°14'05'' S and 48°17'09'' W), under two Oxisoils: a very clayey (680 g kg-1) Eutroferric Red Oxisol, and a clayey (440 g kg-1) Acric Oxisol. A randomized block design was used with five replicates and four treatments. The treatments were different soil uses in the sugarcane fallow period (soybean/millet/soybean, soybean/sunnhemp/soybean, soybean/fallow/soybean, and soybean). After sugarcane harvesting, soil samples were collected at 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.40 and 0.40-0.60 m depth. In each soil sample were determined pH, organic matter, P, K, Ca, Mg and H + Al soil content and were calculated cation exchange capacity and base saturation percentage. Also in each soil sample were determined water aggregate stability index, aggregate mean weight diameter, soil penetration resistance, bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity and soil water retention curve. The aggregate mean weight diameter and soil penetration resistance were determined from 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m depth. The leaf nutrient content were determined 21 months after sugarcane planting. Sugarcane yield and total recoverable sugar were determined in the first and second harvests. The different land uses during the sugarcane fallow period did not affect chemical soil attributes, yield and total recoverable sugar in both soils (Eutroferric Red Oxisol and Acric Oxisol)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solo - Uso, Soja, Milheto, Crotalária, Produtividade agrícola, Latossolo, Cana-de-açúcar, Land use
Como citar
SILVA, Roniram Pereira da. Atributos de latossolos e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em decorrência da diversificação de culturas no período de reforma do canavial. 2013. xii, 38 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.