Emissão de CO2 e sua relação com propriedades, manejo do solo e palha em áreas de cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2013-02-28
Autores
Moitinho, Mara Regina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A emissão de CO2 do solo (FCO2) em áreas agrícolas é um processo resultante da interação de diferentes fatores, tais como as condições de clima e solo. Em adição, as práticas adotadas de manejos do solo e da cultura determinam a intensidade desse processo. Neste estudo, objetivou-se: (i) investigar as possíveis relações existentes entre as propriedades edáficas e o processo de emissão de CO2 do solo em áreas sob plantio de cana-de-açúcar, e (ii) o efeito do preparo do solo e da deposição de resíduos da cultura da cana-de-açúcar na FCO2, temperatura e umidade do solo, durante a reforma do canavial. O estudo foi conduzido na área experimental da Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, em Dourados-MS, e dividido em duas condições de campo. Na primeira condição, foram selecionados 60 pontos ao longo de uma área plantada de 3.000 m2, composta por uma mistura das cultivares (RB 93-5744; RB 72-454; RB 93-5608; RB 85-5113 e SP 83-2847). Para as avaliações da FCO2, foi utilizado o sistema portátil LI-8100, que quantifica a concentração de CO2 em seu interior, por meio de espectroscopia de absorção óptica, na região espectral do infravermelho. Concomitantemente à avaliação da FCO2, foram medidas as variáveis temperatura do solo (termômetro integrante do sistema LI-8100) e umidade do solo (aparelho TDR). A FCO2 apresentou correlações positivas com a matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) (r = 0,67; p < 0,001), a porosidade livre de água (PLA) (r = 0,71; p < 0,001) e o teor de fósforo disponível (r = 0,28; p < 0,05), e negativa com a relação C/N do solo (r = -0,75; p < 0,001) e a umidade do solo (r = -0,29; p < 0,05). Dentre as associações mais expressivas, a FCO2 foi relacionada diretamente com a MOS e a PLA, e inversamente com a relação C/N do solo. Na segunda condição de estudo, após a colheita da...
The CO2 emission from soil (FCO2) in agricultural areas is a process resulting from the interaction of different factors, such as climatic conditions and soil. In addition, the adopted practices of soil management and crop determine the intensity of this process. This study aimed to (i) investigate the possible relationships between the soil properties and process CO2 emissions from soil under in areas under cultivation of sugar cane, and (ii) the effect of tillage and crop residue deposition of cane sugar in FCO2, temperature and soil moisture during the reform of the sugar plantation. The study was conducted in the experimental area of Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, MS, and divided into two field conditions. In the first condition were selected 60 points along a planted area of 3.000 m2 composed of a mixture of cultivars (RB 93-5744; RB 72-454; RB 93-5608; RB 85-5113 and SP 83-2847). For the evaluations of FCO2 was used system LI-8100, quantifying the concentration of CO2 inside by optical absorption spectroscopy in the infrared spectral region. Concurrently with the evaluation of FCO2 were measured soil temperature (thermometer built into the system LI-8100) and soil moisture (TDR device). The FCO2 showed positive correlations with soil organic matter (SOM) (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), free water porosity (PLA) (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) and available phosphorus (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with C/N ratio of the soil (r = -0.75, p < 0.001) and soil moisture (r = -0.29, p < 0.05). Among the most significant associations, the FCO2 was directly related to the SOM and PLA, and inversely with C/N ratio of the soil. In the second study condition, after harvesting the sugar cane area was divided into three plots of 25 x 40 m, resulting in the following managements: no tillage and crop residues deposited on the soil surface (SPCR)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The CO2 emission from soil (FCO2) in agricultural areas is a process resulting from the interaction of different factors, such as climatic conditions and soil. In addition, the adopted practices of soil management and crop determine the intensity of this process. This study aimed to (i) investigate the possible relationships between the soil properties and process CO2 emissions from soil under in areas under cultivation of sugar cane, and (ii) the effect of tillage and crop residue deposition of cane sugar in FCO2, temperature and soil moisture during the reform of the sugar plantation. The study was conducted in the experimental area of Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, MS, and divided into two field conditions. In the first condition were selected 60 points along a planted area of 3.000 m2 composed of a mixture of cultivars (RB 93-5744; RB 72-454; RB 93-5608; RB 85-5113 and SP 83-2847). For the evaluations of FCO2 was used system LI-8100, quantifying the concentration of CO2 inside by optical absorption spectroscopy in the infrared spectral region. Concurrently with the evaluation of FCO2 were measured soil temperature (thermometer built into the system LI-8100) and soil moisture (TDR device). The FCO2 showed positive correlations with soil organic matter (SOM) (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), free water porosity (PLA) (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) and available phosphorus (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with C/N ratio of the soil (r = -0.75, p < 0.001) and soil moisture (r = -0.29, p < 0.05). Among the most significant associations, the FCO2 was directly related to the SOM and PLA, and inversely with C/N ratio of the soil. In the second study condition, after harvesting the sugar cane area was divided into three plots of 25 x 40 m, resulting in the following managements: no tillage and crop residues deposited on the soil surface (SPCR)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar - Cultivo, Solos - Preparo, Solos - Manejo, Residuos agricolas, Dióxido de carbono, Sugarcane
Como citar
MOITINHO, Mara Regina. Emissão de CO2 e sua relação com propriedades, manejo do solo e palha em áreas de cana-de-açúcar. 2013. xi, 57 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.