Propriedades químicas de um latossolo tratado com lodo de esgoto e efeitos na cultura do milho
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Data
2009-11-13
Autores
Macedo, Fernando Giovannetti de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
De composição bastante variável, o lodo de esgoto, em geral, apresenta macro, micronutrientes e matéria orgânica, fazendo com que este resíduo tenha grandes possibilidades de ser utilizado como fertilizante e condicionador do solo. Porém é necessário que verifique sua real eficiência como adubo e ainda seus impactos no ambiente, seja por lixiviação de íons, como o nitrato ou, principalmente pelo risco de contaminação do solo com metais pesados e sua possível transferência para a cadeia alimentar. Neste sentido, foi instalado em 1997/98 um experimento em condições de campo na área experimental da FCAV/UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal-SP, com o objetivo de estudar doses de lodo de esgoto em um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico cultivado com milho. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 4 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Para o ano agrícola 2007/08, avaliou-se: o estado nutricional (macro e micronutrientes nas folhas diagnose), características agronômicas (altura de plantas, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, peso de 100 sementes e teor de proteína dos grãos) e produtividade das plantas de milho; potencial do lodo de esgoto em fornecer nitrogênio à cultura do milho, bem como sua lixiviação ao longo do perfil do solo e; teores dos metais pesados Cr, Cd e Pb disponíveis no solo pelos extratores Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3 e DTPA e os teores totais no solo e em plantas de milho (folhas diagnose, planta inteira e grãos). Os tratamentos testados foram: testemunha, apenas com aplicação de fertilização mineral, baseada na análise de fertilidade; doses de lodo de esgoto, base seca, acumuladas para o décimo primeiro ano: 55,0; 110,0 e 167,5 Mg ha-1. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância. Nos casos em que o teste F foi significativo a 1 ou 5% de probabilidade, aplicou-se a análise de regressão para: folhas diagnose, planta inteira e...
Highly variable composition of the sewage sludge, generally has macro, micronutrients and organic matter, making this residue has great potential for use as fertilizer and soil conditioner. However, it is necessary to verify their actual effectiveness as a fertilizer and also its impacts on the environment either by leaching of ions such as nitrate or mainly for the risk of soil contamination with heavy metals and their possible transfer to the human food chain. In this sense, was installed in 1997/98, an experiment under field conditions in the experimental area of Jaboticabal / UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, with the aim of studying levels of sewage sludge in an Oxisol planted with corn. The design was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. For the crop year 2007/08, were evaluated: the nutritional status (macro and micronutrients in leaves diagnose), agronomic traits (plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, 100 seed weight and protein content of grains) and productivity of maize plants, the potential of sewage sludge to provide nitrogen to corn, as well as its leaching through the soil profile and, levels of heavy metals Cr, Cd and Pb availability in the soil by Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3 and DTPA and the total contents in soil and corn plants (leaves diagnosis, the whole plant and grain). The treatments were: control (only mineral fertilizers) based on the analysis of fertility; doses of sewage sludge, dried, rolled up to the eleventh year: 55.0, 110.0 and 167.5 Mg ha-1. The results were submitted to analysis of variance. Where the F test was significant at 1 or 5% of probability, applied regression analysis (diagnosis leaves, whole plant and grain) or the Tukey test at 5% probability using a split-plot (elements in the soil profile), for comparison of means. Were also performed correlations between levels of metals evaluated, available soil x levels in maize plants and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Highly variable composition of the sewage sludge, generally has macro, micronutrients and organic matter, making this residue has great potential for use as fertilizer and soil conditioner. However, it is necessary to verify their actual effectiveness as a fertilizer and also its impacts on the environment either by leaching of ions such as nitrate or mainly for the risk of soil contamination with heavy metals and their possible transfer to the human food chain. In this sense, was installed in 1997/98, an experiment under field conditions in the experimental area of Jaboticabal / UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, with the aim of studying levels of sewage sludge in an Oxisol planted with corn. The design was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. For the crop year 2007/08, were evaluated: the nutritional status (macro and micronutrients in leaves diagnose), agronomic traits (plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, 100 seed weight and protein content of grains) and productivity of maize plants, the potential of sewage sludge to provide nitrogen to corn, as well as its leaching through the soil profile and, levels of heavy metals Cr, Cd and Pb availability in the soil by Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3 and DTPA and the total contents in soil and corn plants (leaves diagnosis, the whole plant and grain). The treatments were: control (only mineral fertilizers) based on the analysis of fertility; doses of sewage sludge, dried, rolled up to the eleventh year: 55.0, 110.0 and 167.5 Mg ha-1. The results were submitted to analysis of variance. Where the F test was significant at 1 or 5% of probability, applied regression analysis (diagnosis leaves, whole plant and grain) or the Tukey test at 5% probability using a split-plot (elements in the soil profile), for comparison of means. Were also performed correlations between levels of metals evaluated, available soil x levels in maize plants and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solos - Poluição, Plantas - Nutrição, Milho, Heavy metals, Waste, Extractors, Plant nutrition, Soil pollution
Como citar
MACEDO, Fernando Giovannetti de. Propriedades químicas de um latossolo tratado com lodo de esgoto e efeitos na cultura do milho. 2009. vii, 81 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.