Qualidade microbiológica e ocorrência de leveduras em bebidas lácteas fermentadas, com adição de polpas de frutas, comercializada na região de São José do Rio Preto - SP
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Data
2008-02-25
Autores
Reis, Janaína Alves dos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o intuito de avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de bebidas lácteas fermentadas, com adição de polpas de frutas, comercializadas na região de São José do Rio Preto, SP, por meio das seguintes análises: contagem de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, enumeração de bolores e leveduras, determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP) de coliformes e coliformes termotolerantes, pesquisa de Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp., sendo realizado ainda a determinação do pH eletrométrico. Dos resultados, observou-se que das 31 amostras (100,00%) analisadas, 5 (16,13%) foram classificadas como “produtos em condições sanitárias insatisfatórias” e, portanto, “produtos impróprios para consumo humano”, por apresentarem coliformes termotolerantes acima do padrão estabelecido pela legislação vigente. Destas amostras, foram ainda isoladas 74 leveduras (100,00%), que foram submetidas às provas taxonômicas, morfológicas, fisiológicas e de assimilação de várias fontes de carbono. De acordo com as provas taxonômicas, verificou-se que esses microrganismos pertenciam as seguintes espécies: Cryptococcus albidus (1,35%), Cryptococcus laurentii (1,35%), Candida edax (1,35%) e Debaryomyces hansenii var. fabryii (95,95%). Foi verificada também a resistência dessas leveduras em relação aos principais conservantes alimentícios contidos na legislação brasileira, como benzoato de sódio (INS - 211) nas concentrações de 0,10; 0,20 e 0,40% e sorbato de potássio (INS - 202) nas de 0,015; 0,03; 0,05; 0,06; 0,10; 0,20 e 0,40%. As concentrações de 0,20% de benzoato de sódio e 0,40% de sorbato de potássio foram as mais eficazes, representando respectivamente, 50,67 e 81,33% das culturas sensíveis à presença dos conservantes testados. Recomenda-se, portanto como...
This study was objective in order to evaluate the microbiological quality of fermented dairy beverages, with the addition of fruit pulps, commercialized in the region of São José do Rio Preto, SP, through the following analyses: mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, enumeration of moulds and yeasts, determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of total and thermotolerants coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp research, being the determination of pH still carried on. The results pointed out that 5 (16.13%) out of 31 (100.00%) analyzed samples were classified as “products in unsatisfactory sanitary conditions”, therefore “inappropriate products for human consumption”, because they present thermotolerants coliforms above the standard established by the current legislation. Seventy-four (74) yeasts were isolated from the samples (100.00%), which were submitted to taxonomic, morphological and physiological tests, and to carbon source assimilation tests, as well. According to the taxonomic tests, those microorganisms belonged to the following species: Cryptococcus albidus (1.35%), Cryptococcus laurentii (1.35%), Candida edax (1.35%) e Debaryomyces hansenii var. fabryii (95.95%). The resistance of these yeasts in relation to the main food preservatives present in Brazilian legislation, such as benzoate sodium (INS - 211) at concentrations of 0.10; 0.20 and 0.40% and potassium sorbate (INS - 202) at 0.015; 0.03; 0.05; 0.06; 0.10; 0.20 and 0.40%; was also reported. The concentrations of benzoate sodium at 0.20% and potassium sorbate at 0.40% were the most effective, representing 50.67% and 81.33%, of the sensitive cultures to the presence of the preservatives tested. So, based on the results, the current monitoring of the different phases involved in the manufacturing xix process of these products is fundamental, in order to assure the capacity to their useful life as well as to minimize the damage to the consumer’s health.
This study was objective in order to evaluate the microbiological quality of fermented dairy beverages, with the addition of fruit pulps, commercialized in the region of São José do Rio Preto, SP, through the following analyses: mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, enumeration of moulds and yeasts, determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of total and thermotolerants coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp research, being the determination of pH still carried on. The results pointed out that 5 (16.13%) out of 31 (100.00%) analyzed samples were classified as “products in unsatisfactory sanitary conditions”, therefore “inappropriate products for human consumption”, because they present thermotolerants coliforms above the standard established by the current legislation. Seventy-four (74) yeasts were isolated from the samples (100.00%), which were submitted to taxonomic, morphological and physiological tests, and to carbon source assimilation tests, as well. According to the taxonomic tests, those microorganisms belonged to the following species: Cryptococcus albidus (1.35%), Cryptococcus laurentii (1.35%), Candida edax (1.35%) e Debaryomyces hansenii var. fabryii (95.95%). The resistance of these yeasts in relation to the main food preservatives present in Brazilian legislation, such as benzoate sodium (INS - 211) at concentrations of 0.10; 0.20 and 0.40% and potassium sorbate (INS - 202) at 0.015; 0.03; 0.05; 0.06; 0.10; 0.20 and 0.40%; was also reported. The concentrations of benzoate sodium at 0.20% and potassium sorbate at 0.40% were the most effective, representing 50.67% and 81.33%, of the sensitive cultures to the presence of the preservatives tested. So, based on the results, the current monitoring of the different phases involved in the manufacturing xix process of these products is fundamental, in order to assure the capacity to their useful life as well as to minimize the damage to the consumer’s health.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tecnologia de alimentos, Alimentos - Microbiologia, Bebidas - Microbiologia, Levedos - Classificação, Microbiologia industrial, Bebida láctea fermentada, Benzoato de sódio, Sorbato de sódio, Microbiological quality, Fermented dairy beverages, Taxonomy of yeasts, Sodium benzoate, Potassium sorbate
Como citar
REIS, Janaína Alves dos. Qualidade microbiológica e ocorrência de leveduras em bebidas lácteas fermentadas, com adição de polpas de frutas, comercializada na região de São José do Rio Preto - SP. 2008. 95 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2008.