Efeito do uso de Lactobacillus casei como cultura adjunta na qualidade tecnológica de queijo prato com reduzido teor de gordura
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Data
2006-08-25
Autores
Silva, Claudia Ribeiro Borges [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O queijo Prato é um queijo gordo, de média umidade, massa semi-cozida, consistência semi-dura, textura homogênea, com poucas ou nenhuma olhadura. Seu sabor é suave, levemente adocicado e sua cor é amarelo-ouro. A associação da gordura com doenças coronárias e obesidade e a progressiva preocupação dos consumidores com a dieta e saúde tem desencadeado uma alta demanda por produtos com baixo teor de gordura, incluindo o queijo. Queijos manufaturados a partir de leites desnatados ou semi-desnatados são caracterizados por apresentarem determinados defeitos não observados nos seus correspondentes feitos com teor integral de gordura. A redução no conteúdo de gordura tem um efeito negativo sobre as características sensoriais do queijo, além das conseqüências econômicas negativas tanto no rendimento dos queijos com baixo conteúdo de gordura como em sua maturação. Neste trabalho estudou-se o efeito do uso de cultura adjunta (Lactobacillus casei) nas características físico-químicas e na evolução da maturação de queijo Prato com reduzido teor de gordura. Foram realizados 4 tratamentos: sendo um pelo método tradicional, utilizando como cultura lática apenas Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis e Lactococcus lactis subsp cremoris (tratamento A, controle) e três pelo método modificado, que além dos microrganismos citados acima foram acrescidos de cultura adjunta nas seguintes proporções 20% (tratamento B), 30% (tratamento C) e 40% (tratamento D). O leite utilizado na manufatura dos queijos foi submetido as seguintes análises: acidez, densidade, extrato seco total, crioscopia, gordura e presença de antibióticos.
Prato cheese is a fatty cheese, of medium humidity, semi-cooked mass, semi-hard consistency, homogenous texture, with little or no round eyes. Its taste is mild, lightly sweetened and has yellow color. The association of fat with heart diseases and obesity and the advancing concern of consumers with their diet and health has led to a high demand for low fat products, including cheeses. Cheeses with reduced fat content are characterized by exhibiting some defects not seen in the ones made with whole ingredients. Reduction on fat content has a negative effect on sensory characteristics of the cheese and also negative economical consequences on cheese yield as much as on ripening. In this work, the effect of the use of Lactobacillus casei, an adjunct culture on technological quality of Prato cheese made with reduced fat content was studied. Four treatments were carried out: one by the traditional method using only Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis and Lactococcus lactis subsp cremoris as lactic culture (treatment A, control) and three by the modified method which, besides the microorganisms listed above, had the addition of an adjunct culture in the following proportions 20% (treatment B), 30% (treatment C) and 40% (treatment D). The milk used for the manufacturing of the cheeses was submitted to the following analysis: acidity, density, dry matter, crioscopy, fat and presence of antibiotics. Cheeses were analyzed with 1, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of ripening regarding: dry matter, acidity, fat, fat in dry matter, ash, nitrogen and total protein, pH 4,6-soluble nitrogen, TCA-soluble nitrogen, tyrosine, tryptophan, salt, water activity, ripening extension index and depth index (REI and RDI), and protein degradation profile through electrophoresis.
Prato cheese is a fatty cheese, of medium humidity, semi-cooked mass, semi-hard consistency, homogenous texture, with little or no round eyes. Its taste is mild, lightly sweetened and has yellow color. The association of fat with heart diseases and obesity and the advancing concern of consumers with their diet and health has led to a high demand for low fat products, including cheeses. Cheeses with reduced fat content are characterized by exhibiting some defects not seen in the ones made with whole ingredients. Reduction on fat content has a negative effect on sensory characteristics of the cheese and also negative economical consequences on cheese yield as much as on ripening. In this work, the effect of the use of Lactobacillus casei, an adjunct culture on technological quality of Prato cheese made with reduced fat content was studied. Four treatments were carried out: one by the traditional method using only Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis and Lactococcus lactis subsp cremoris as lactic culture (treatment A, control) and three by the modified method which, besides the microorganisms listed above, had the addition of an adjunct culture in the following proportions 20% (treatment B), 30% (treatment C) and 40% (treatment D). The milk used for the manufacturing of the cheeses was submitted to the following analysis: acidity, density, dry matter, crioscopy, fat and presence of antibiotics. Cheeses were analyzed with 1, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of ripening regarding: dry matter, acidity, fat, fat in dry matter, ash, nitrogen and total protein, pH 4,6-soluble nitrogen, TCA-soluble nitrogen, tyrosine, tryptophan, salt, water activity, ripening extension index and depth index (REI and RDI), and protein degradation profile through electrophoresis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tecnologia de alimentos, Queijo - Industria, Cultura adjunta, Queijo - Teor de gordura, Lactobacillus casei
Como citar
SILVA, Claudia Ribeiro Borges. Efeito do uso de Lactobacillus casei como cultura adjunta na qualidade tecnológica de queijo prato com reduzido teor de gordura. 2006. 117 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2006.