Produção otimizada de alginato e plástico biodegradável (poli-hidroxibutirato) por Azotobacter vinelandii
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Data
2009-02-19
Autores
Silva, Adriana Navarro da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O alginato é um polissacarídeo normalmente extraído de paredes celulares de algas marrons utilizado nas indústrias de alimentos, farmacêuticas e biotecnológicas. A produção é concentrada no cultivo de algas marinhas marrons, mas várias bactérias do gênero Pseudomonas e Azotobacter produzem alginato. A estrutura química dos alginatos produzidos por algas é similar aos sintetizados pela A. vinelandii. Esta bactéria também produz polímeros intracelulares como o poli-hidroxibutirato (PHB), conhecido como bioplástico. Neste trabalho estudou-se a produção simultânea do alginato e PHB pela A. vinelandii utilizando sacarose, glicose e melaço de cana-de-açúcar como fontes de carbono, além de diferentes parâmetros de fermentação em agitador orbital rotatório. Os valores ótimos para a produção destes compostos foram determinados pela metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR). O 1º experimento realizado para as três fontes de carbono foi um planejamento fatorial fracionado 26-2 (variáveis independentes: concentração da fonte de carbono; concentração de acetato de amônio; concentração de citrato de amônio e ferro (III); pH; temperatura de incubação e tempo de incubação). O 2º experimento baseou-se nos valores ótimos de produção de PHB para cada fonte de carbono e resultou em um planejamento fatorial completo 33-0 (variáveis independentes: concentração da fonte de carbono; temperatura de incubação e tempo de incubação). Verificou-se que a maior produtividade de PHB (100 mg/g de célula/h) utilizando o melaço de cana-de-açúcar ocorreu no tempo de incubação de aproximadamente 10 h, a 60,0ºC e nas concentrações de sólidos solúveis entre 14,0 - 25,0%. A glicose apresentou uma maior produtividade de PHB (60 mg/g de célula/h) no tempo de incubação de aproximadamente 10 h, entre 23,0-26,0ºC e concentração de glicose...
The alginate is a polysaccharide extracted from cell walls of brown seaweed used in the industries of food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology. The production is concentrated in the brown seaweed cultivation, but several bacteria, Pseudomonas and Azotobacter genus, produce alginate. The chemical structure of alginate produced by algae is similar to those synthesized by A. vinelandii. This bacterium also produces intracellular polymers such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), known as bioplastic. In this work the simultaneous alginate and PHB production by A. vinelandii using sucrose, glucose and sugar cane molasses as carbon source, and different fermentation parameters in orbital shaker was studied. The optimum values for the production of these compounds were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). The 1st experiment conducted for the three carbon sources was a fractionated factorial design 26-2 (independent variables: the carbon source concentration; ammonium acetate concentration; ammonium citrate and iron (III) concentration; pH; temperature and incubation time). The 2nd experiment was based on optimum values for the production of PHB for each carbon source and resulted in a full factorial design 33-0 (independent variables: the carbon source concentration; temperature and incubation time). The highest PHB yield (100 mg/g cell/h) using sugar cane molasses as a carbon source was found in 10 h at 60.0 ºC and solids soluble concentrations between 14.0 and 25.0%. The glucose showed the highest PHB yield (60 mg/g cell/h) in approximately 10 h, at temperature between 23.0 – 26.0 ºC and glucose concentration between 48.0 and 62.0 g/L. The sucrose, showed the highest PHB yield (45 mg/g cell/h) in approximately 18 h, 60.0 ºC and sucrose concentration of 10.0 g/L. For the alginate productivity using the glucose was observed that the yield was more... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The alginate is a polysaccharide extracted from cell walls of brown seaweed used in the industries of food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology. The production is concentrated in the brown seaweed cultivation, but several bacteria, Pseudomonas and Azotobacter genus, produce alginate. The chemical structure of alginate produced by algae is similar to those synthesized by A. vinelandii. This bacterium also produces intracellular polymers such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), known as bioplastic. In this work the simultaneous alginate and PHB production by A. vinelandii using sucrose, glucose and sugar cane molasses as carbon source, and different fermentation parameters in orbital shaker was studied. The optimum values for the production of these compounds were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). The 1st experiment conducted for the three carbon sources was a fractionated factorial design 26-2 (independent variables: the carbon source concentration; ammonium acetate concentration; ammonium citrate and iron (III) concentration; pH; temperature and incubation time). The 2nd experiment was based on optimum values for the production of PHB for each carbon source and resulted in a full factorial design 33-0 (independent variables: the carbon source concentration; temperature and incubation time). The highest PHB yield (100 mg/g cell/h) using sugar cane molasses as a carbon source was found in 10 h at 60.0 ºC and solids soluble concentrations between 14.0 and 25.0%. The glucose showed the highest PHB yield (60 mg/g cell/h) in approximately 10 h, at temperature between 23.0 – 26.0 ºC and glucose concentration between 48.0 and 62.0 g/L. The sucrose, showed the highest PHB yield (45 mg/g cell/h) in approximately 18 h, 60.0 ºC and sucrose concentration of 10.0 g/L. For the alginate productivity using the glucose was observed that the yield was more... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microbiologia industrial, Alginatos, Fermentação, Azotobacter vinelandii, Poli-hidroxibutirato, Alginate, Polyhydroxybutyrate, Fermentation, Azotobacter vinelandii
Como citar
SILVA, Adriana Navarro da. Produção otimizada de alginato e plástico biodegradável (poli-hidroxibutirato) por Azotobacter vinelandii. 2009. 102 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2009.