Avaliação audiológica e quantificação da exposição ao ruído em profissionais do corpo de bombeiros
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Data
2013
Autores
Taxini, Carla Linhares [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O bombeiro é um profissional que possui treino e equipamento adequado para desenvolver diversas tarefas como apagar incêndios, resgatar pessoas e fornecer assistência em desastres naturais, e dessa forma, estão constantemente expostos ao ruído. Tal exposição pode ocasionar a perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído (PAIR), que se caracteriza por uma perda insidiosa e cumulativa, do tipo neurossensorial. Sendo assim objetivou-se delinear o perfil audiológico dos bombeiros e mapear os diferentes ambientes acústicos a que estes profissionais se expõem. Participaram desse estudo 41 bombeiros que foram submetidos à anamnese audiológica, inspeção do conduto auditivo, audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria, imitanciometria e emissões otoacústica evocadas por produto de distorção (EOAPD). Foram realizadas também as medições das exposições dos níveis de pressão sonora (NPS) dos equipamentos e nos ambientes do 10º Grupamento de Bombeiros da cidade de Marília-SP utilizando um audiodosímetro digital. Como resultado obteve-se 11 (27%) dos bombeiros com limiares tonais sugestivos de PAIR, no entanto, destes, apenas 4 (36%) foram bilaterais, 2 (18%) unilaterais com orelha contralateral não sugestiva de PAIR e 5 (46%) unilaterais com orelha contralateral normal. Nas amplitudes das EOAPD houve diferença significativa entre as orelhas normais e as orelhas sugestivas de PAIR nas frequências de 4 e 6 kHz à direita e 6 kHz à esquerda, e entre as orelhas normais e não sugestivas de PAIR em 2, 3 e 6 kHz à direita e em 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 e 8 kHz à esquerda. Houve correlação significativa entre os resultados das audiometrias tonais liminares e as EOAPD para as frequências de 2, 3, 4 e 6 kHz à direita e para 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, e 8 kHz à esquerda. No mapeamento sonoro as medições realizadas na Central de Operações dos Bombeiros Militares (COBOM) registraram nível equivalente...
The firefighter is a professional who has training and equipment to conduct various tasks such as putting out fires, rescue people and give assistance in the natural disaster, so they are constantly exposed to the noise. This exposure can lead to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), which is characterized by an insidious and cumulative sensorineural loss. The aim was trace the audiological profile of firefighters and to analyze the acoustic environments that these professionals are exposed. The study included 41 firefighters who were submitted to audiologic anamnesis, inspection of the external auditory canal, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Were also carried out measurements the sound pressure levels of the equipment and environments in the 10th Fire Department in Marília-SP using a digital dosimeter. The result of this study showed 11 (27%) of firefighters had hearing thresholds suggestive of NIHL, however only 4 (36%) of these cases were suggestive of bilateral NIHL, 2 (18%) was unilateral with opposite ear not suggestive of NIHL, and 5 (46%) was unilateral with opposite normal ear. It was observed statistical difference in DPOAE the amplitudes of normal ears and of ears suggestive of NIHL in the frequencies of 4 and 6 kHz at the right ear and 6 kHz at the left ear, and between normal ears and the ears not suggestive of NIHL in 2, 3 and 6 kHz at the right and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz at the left ears. There was correlation between the results of pure tone audiometry and DPOAE in 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz frequencies of right ears and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz of left ear. In the sound mapping, the measurements performed in the Operations Center of Military Firefighters recorded the equivalent noise level (Leq) was 79,35 dB(A) in the external environment and 92,37 dB(A) in the head-sets... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The firefighter is a professional who has training and equipment to conduct various tasks such as putting out fires, rescue people and give assistance in the natural disaster, so they are constantly exposed to the noise. This exposure can lead to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), which is characterized by an insidious and cumulative sensorineural loss. The aim was trace the audiological profile of firefighters and to analyze the acoustic environments that these professionals are exposed. The study included 41 firefighters who were submitted to audiologic anamnesis, inspection of the external auditory canal, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Were also carried out measurements the sound pressure levels of the equipment and environments in the 10th Fire Department in Marília-SP using a digital dosimeter. The result of this study showed 11 (27%) of firefighters had hearing thresholds suggestive of NIHL, however only 4 (36%) of these cases were suggestive of bilateral NIHL, 2 (18%) was unilateral with opposite ear not suggestive of NIHL, and 5 (46%) was unilateral with opposite normal ear. It was observed statistical difference in DPOAE the amplitudes of normal ears and of ears suggestive of NIHL in the frequencies of 4 and 6 kHz at the right ear and 6 kHz at the left ear, and between normal ears and the ears not suggestive of NIHL in 2, 3 and 6 kHz at the right and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz at the left ears. There was correlation between the results of pure tone audiometry and DPOAE in 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz frequencies of right ears and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz of left ear. In the sound mapping, the measurements performed in the Operations Center of Military Firefighters recorded the equivalent noise level (Leq) was 79,35 dB(A) in the external environment and 92,37 dB(A) in the head-sets... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ruido - Medição, Audiologia, Bombeiros, Surdez provocada por ruido, Audiometria
Como citar
TAXINI, Carla Linhares. Avaliação audiológica e quantificação da exposição ao ruído em profissionais do corpo de bombeiros. 2013. 67 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências de Marília, 2013.