Internacionalização de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos de países em desenvolvimento: análise das indústrias de aço e de cimento
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Data
2009-03-02
Autores
Colantuono, Albino Fernando [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A partir dos anos 1980, as empresas transnacionais elevaram o envolvimento em atividades produtivas no exterior, em resposta ao acirramento da concorrência provocado pela globalização. A internacionalização produtiva não se limitou somente a empresas de nações desenvolvidas, já que algumas empresas de países em desenvolvimento também procuraram a expansão de suas atividades internacionais. Esta dissertação examina a internacionalização produtiva de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos (aço e cimento) provenientes de alguns países em desenvolvimento e, assim, procura identificar as estratégias adotadas pelas empresas selecionadas: Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex e Votorantim. Além do exame de artigos teóricos sobre internacionalização de empresas, foram caracterizadas as estruturas de mercado e a dinâmica competitiva das indústrias do aço e do cimento, procedimento importante para a compreensão do ambiente competitivo em que são definidas e operacionalizadas as estratégias de internacionalização das empresas. Com informações relevantes em artigos, relatórios anuais e em sítios das empresas, reconstruíram-se as trajetórias de crescimento delas, tanto no mercado doméstico como em outros países. Adicionalmente, elaborou-se um indicador de internacionalização produtiva (IP), o qual se demonstrou consistente na comparação entre o grau de internacionalização de cada empresa. Concluiu-se que as firmas de países em desenvolvimento encaminharam suas atividades ao exterior por diversas razões, como a busca de novos mercados, a procura de ganhos de eficiência, a busca por recursos naturais, ou mesmo, para a aquisição de conhecimentos técnicos. A busca de mercados foi a principal motivação, estratégia fortalecida com o controle de canais de distribuição. As empresas apresentaram trajetórias de internacionalização consistentes...
Since the 1980s, transnational companies have increased their involvement in productive activities abroad, in response to a worsening of the competition caused by globalization. The internationalization of the production system was not limited only to companies from developed nations, but also to companies in developing countries. This dissertation examines the internationalization of the production system in basic materials (steel and cement) companies from some developing countries and therefore seeks to identify the strategies adopted by the selected corporations (Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex and Votorantim). To achieve the proposed objectives, in addition to analysis from texts on internationalization, were also characterized the structures of the market and competitive dynamics of the industries of steel and cement, an important procedure for the understanding of the competitive environment in which are stablished strategies for internationalization of enterprises. With relevant information in articles, annual reports and websites, it was possible to reconstruct the trajectories of growth in both the domestic market and in other countries. Additionally, an indicator for international production (IP), which appeared very consistent, was developed to compare the level of internationalization of each company. It was noticed that firms from developing countries sent their activities abroad for a variety of reasons, starting from the search for new markets, the highly demand for gains in efficiency, the search for natural resources or even the acquisition of expertise. However, the attempt for market seeking figures as the main motivation, as well as the controlling of distribution channels in order to strengthen the strategy. Companies displayed consistent internationalization trajectories as well as coherent histories of their locations, capabilities and economic potential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Since the 1980s, transnational companies have increased their involvement in productive activities abroad, in response to a worsening of the competition caused by globalization. The internationalization of the production system was not limited only to companies from developed nations, but also to companies in developing countries. This dissertation examines the internationalization of the production system in basic materials (steel and cement) companies from some developing countries and therefore seeks to identify the strategies adopted by the selected corporations (Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex and Votorantim). To achieve the proposed objectives, in addition to analysis from texts on internationalization, were also characterized the structures of the market and competitive dynamics of the industries of steel and cement, an important procedure for the understanding of the competitive environment in which are stablished strategies for internationalization of enterprises. With relevant information in articles, annual reports and websites, it was possible to reconstruct the trajectories of growth in both the domestic market and in other countries. Additionally, an indicator for international production (IP), which appeared very consistent, was developed to compare the level of internationalization of each company. It was noticed that firms from developing countries sent their activities abroad for a variety of reasons, starting from the search for new markets, the highly demand for gains in efficiency, the search for natural resources or even the acquisition of expertise. However, the attempt for market seeking figures as the main motivation, as well as the controlling of distribution channels in order to strengthen the strategy. Companies displayed consistent internationalization trajectories as well as coherent histories of their locations, capabilities and economic potential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Economia, Relações econômicas internacionais, Empresas multinacionais, Aço - Indústria - Países em desenvolvimento, Ação Católica Operária (Brasil), Cimento - Industria, Internationalization, Transnational Corporation, Foreign Direct Investment
Como citar
COLANTUONO, Albino Fernando. Internacionalização de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos de países em desenvolvimento: análise das indústrias de aço e de cimento. 2009. 150 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2009.