O processo de alfabetização e o projeto político-pedagógico em escolas de ensino fundamental
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Data
2009-08-25
Autores
Schuveter, Márcia Aparecida [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O projeto político-pedagógico constitui importante instrumento na construção de um caminho para a atuação da escola. Os resultados das avaliações nacionais e internacionais mostram que os estudantes brasileiros apresentam desempenhos aquém dos esperados em leitura e escrita, sugerindo questionamentos sobre os níveis desses desempenhos, as diferenças entre eles e o encaminhamento dado ao processo de alfabetização nas escolas. Como as dificuldades relativas ao ensino-aprendizagem inicial da leitura e da escrita constituem grande entrave ao acesso ao saber escolarizado, nesta dissertação, busca-se averiguar como a alfabetização é focalizada nos projetos político-pedagógicos das escolas. Analisar como o trabalho relativo à alfabetização é organizado nas unidades escolares e como ele se insere no conjunto das atividades pedagógicas das unidades constituem os objetivos de pesquisa realizada em oito escolas públicas de Limeira SP. A coleta de dados mediante entrevistas e análise do projeto político-pedagógico no que diz respeito à alfabetização foi realizada em quatro escolas com maiores e nas quatro escolas com menores pontuações no SAREM. Os resultados revelam que o projeto político-pedagógico não é construído com a participação das docentes. Observou-se uma divisão do trabalho de organização pedagógica sendo que a parte de elaboração e gestão está a cargo da Secretaria da Educação; e a execução, a cargo dos professores que organizam as atividades realizadas em sala de aula. O ensino pauta-se pelo regime seriado, inicia-se com a correspondência entre sons e grafias nas unidades menores da língua. Revelam ainda que os diferentes desempenhos das escolas podem ser explicados pelo reduzido números de alunos (848), as professoras possuem mais tempo na alfabetização, empenho dos pais e dos professores com a aprendizagem dos alunos, além da crença de que todos podem aprender.
The political and pedagogical project constitutes an important instrument in the construction of a way of acting of the school that leads to the service of his necessities and especificidades. With the participation of the community in several aspects of the functioning of the school, it is possible to develop educative actions more appropriate to the fulfilment of his social functions, especially in what it refers to the process of teaching-apprenticeship of the reading and writing. Thinking that the questions inherent in the literacy it is one of the great current problems in the guarantee of the access to the educated knowledge, to check is looked as these questions are being treated in the political and pedagogical projects of the schools. The objective is to analyse like the relative work to the literacy is organized in the school unities and he is inserted in the set of the pedagogical activities carried out by the schools. The inquiry is carried out in four schools with bigger and four schools with less punctuations in SAREM (System of Evaluation of the Net of Municipal Teaching). As result, it was obtained that the projects pedagogic-politician are not built by the participation of the school community. The pedagogic work is still ruled predominantly in the seriated organization. There was observed a division of the work of pedagogical organization, being that the part of preparation and management is in charge of the General office of the Education; and the execution, to post principally of the teachers who organize the educational situations. The relative work to the literacy breaks of the least unities. Besides the physical peculiarities of the schools, the different performances can be explained by the pledge of the teachers with the apprenticeship of the pupils and by the belief of which all people can learn.
The political and pedagogical project constitutes an important instrument in the construction of a way of acting of the school that leads to the service of his necessities and especificidades. With the participation of the community in several aspects of the functioning of the school, it is possible to develop educative actions more appropriate to the fulfilment of his social functions, especially in what it refers to the process of teaching-apprenticeship of the reading and writing. Thinking that the questions inherent in the literacy it is one of the great current problems in the guarantee of the access to the educated knowledge, to check is looked as these questions are being treated in the political and pedagogical projects of the schools. The objective is to analyse like the relative work to the literacy is organized in the school unities and he is inserted in the set of the pedagogical activities carried out by the schools. The inquiry is carried out in four schools with bigger and four schools with less punctuations in SAREM (System of Evaluation of the Net of Municipal Teaching). As result, it was obtained that the projects pedagogic-politician are not built by the participation of the school community. The pedagogic work is still ruled predominantly in the seriated organization. There was observed a division of the work of pedagogical organization, being that the part of preparation and management is in charge of the General office of the Education; and the execution, to post principally of the teachers who organize the educational situations. The relative work to the literacy breaks of the least unities. Besides the physical peculiarities of the schools, the different performances can be explained by the pledge of the teachers with the apprenticeship of the pupils and by the belief of which all people can learn.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Alfabetização, Leitura, Escrita, Ensino fundamental, Divisão do trabalho, Concepção pedagógica, Organização do trabalho escolar, Projeto político-pedagógico, Political and pedagogical project, Literacy, Organization of the school work
Como citar
SCHUVETER, Márcia Aparecida. O processo de alfabetização e o projeto político-pedagógico em escolas de ensino fundamental. 2009. 97 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2009.