O desenvolvimento do raciocínio moral por meio da técnica da discussão moral: estudo realizado com alunos do ensino fundamental, na disciplina de Língua Portuguesa
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Data
2009-09-03
Autores
Araújo, Taciana Belluci de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
É visível a preocupação com um modelo de Educação que tenha como princípio a formação da cidadania. Surge, portanto, no meio escolar, a necessidade de se produzir ações que focalizem o ensino de valores morais, dentro desse contexto, uma vez que aos educadores e a todos os agentes envolvidos com a Educação é atribuída a tarefa de se educar ética e moralmente os indivíduos. E este é o interesse desta pesquisa, que apresenta uma alternativa de intervenção pedagógica que culmina na prática da discussão de dilemas morais encontrados no enredo das Fábulas Italianas, compiladas por Ítalo Calvino em 1954. Os objetivos que permearam todo o desenrolar desta pesquisa foram: identificar o nível evolutivo da noção de justiça em que se encontram os sujeitos participantes, de acordo com as teorias de Piaget e Kohlberg, em duas classes do Ensino Fundamental (uma experimental e outra de controle), dentro de uma instituição pública de ensino e verificar se o trabalho pedagógico com o enredo de algumas fábulas italianas, por meio da técnica da discussão moral, implica em uma evolução qualitativa no nível do raciocínio moral. Para tanto, os sujeitos participaram de um pré-teste que corresponde às respostas dadas aos dilemas de Kohlberg. Posteriormente, participaram da intervenção pedagógica e, por último, realizaram o pós-teste com os mesmos questionamentos aplicados no pré-teste. A análise qualitativa dos dados baseou-se nesses depoimentos fornecidos pelos sujeitos, tendo o cuidado de acompanharmos o raciocínio e a estrutura de seu pensamento, caracterizando o seu estágio de raciocínio moral antes e depois de todo o trabalho de intervenção pedagógica, relacionando-os sempre com as teorias de Piaget e Kohlberg e com a teoria da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977). Observou-se, ao final dessa pesquisa, que os sujeitos que participaram da Classe Experimental...
It is clearly identifiable the existence of a strong concern towards the existence of an Education model that aims for citizenship development. As a consequence, the school environment holds the need for actions that focus on the teaching of moral values, considering that educators and other teaching-related agents have the difficult task of teaching their pupils both ethic and morally. The present research attempts to introduce an alternative pedagogical intervention which results in the discussion of moral dilemmas taken from the plot of Italian Folktales, compiled by Italo Calvino in 1954. One of the objectives pursued throughout this research was: to identify the level of justice maturity of each participant according to Piaget and Kohlberg theories in two groups of Secondary school (being one the experimental group and other the control group) from a public school. The second objective was to assess the pedagogical work with the plot of some Italian folktales - through moral discussion method - as a means of qualitative evolution in the level of moral reasoning. In order to achieve this result, the participants sat for a pre-test which fits Kohlberg dilemmas‟ answers. Afterwards, they were involved in a data gathering process during the period of pedagogical intervention and in the end, they sat for a post-test involving the same questions previously applied in the pre-test. The datum qualitative analysis was based on the testimony provided by participants. During the analysis, the reasoning and the structure of their thinking were closely observed in order to qualify their stage of moral reasoning before and after all the work of pedagogical intervention, applying Piaget and Kohlberg theories as well as the theory of content analysis by Bardin (1977). At the end of this research, it was observed that all the experimental group participants achieved a superior moral reasoning... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
It is clearly identifiable the existence of a strong concern towards the existence of an Education model that aims for citizenship development. As a consequence, the school environment holds the need for actions that focus on the teaching of moral values, considering that educators and other teaching-related agents have the difficult task of teaching their pupils both ethic and morally. The present research attempts to introduce an alternative pedagogical intervention which results in the discussion of moral dilemmas taken from the plot of Italian Folktales, compiled by Italo Calvino in 1954. One of the objectives pursued throughout this research was: to identify the level of justice maturity of each participant according to Piaget and Kohlberg theories in two groups of Secondary school (being one the experimental group and other the control group) from a public school. The second objective was to assess the pedagogical work with the plot of some Italian folktales - through moral discussion method - as a means of qualitative evolution in the level of moral reasoning. In order to achieve this result, the participants sat for a pre-test which fits Kohlberg dilemmas‟ answers. Afterwards, they were involved in a data gathering process during the period of pedagogical intervention and in the end, they sat for a post-test involving the same questions previously applied in the pre-test. The datum qualitative analysis was based on the testimony provided by participants. During the analysis, the reasoning and the structure of their thinking were closely observed in order to qualify their stage of moral reasoning before and after all the work of pedagogical intervention, applying Piaget and Kohlberg theories as well as the theory of content analysis by Bardin (1977). At the end of this research, it was observed that all the experimental group participants achieved a superior moral reasoning... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação moral, Desenvolvimento moral, Fábulas italianas, Literatura, Dilemas morais, Moral development, Moral education, Italian tales, Literature, Moral dilemmas
Como citar
ARAÚJO, Taciana Belluci de. O desenvolvimento do raciocínio moral por meio da técnica da discussão moral: estudo realizado com alunos do ensino fundamental, na disciplina de Língua Portuguesa. 2009. 306 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2009.