Gestão educacional e sistemas de avaliação: os pressupostos ideológicos do SARESP e a trajetória das avaliações aplicadas entre 1996 e 2005
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Data
2006
Autores
Silva, Hilda Maria Gonçalves da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo central deste trabalho é apreender as principais características das avaliações aplicadas pelo Sistema de Avaliação do Rendimento Escolar do Estado de São Paulo (SARESP), implementado pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação, em1996. Tal apreensão tem como orientação teórica os estudos que compreendem a avaliação como fenômeno político-social, o qual apresenta diversas concepções nos diferentes contextos históricos da sociedade, de acordo com as transformações ideológicas e paradigmáticas ocorridas em seu interior, num processo eminentemente dialético. Nessa perspectiva, buscase compreender quais as características da educação são privilegiadas nas avaliações aplicadas pelo SARESP - o rendimento dos alunos, o perfil dos profissionais da educação, ou a dinâmica da instituição escolar. Fez-se necessário, também, compreender qual o nível de negociação existente entre os gestores centrais do SARESP e os atores envolvidos na avaliação - diretores, coordenadores, professores e alunos. A análise desenvolvida por este estudo permitiu apreender que embora o SARESP tenha potencial para caracterizar-se como um sistema de avaliação complexo - para além da verificação do rendimento escolar - a centralização das decisões acerca dos enfoques e efeitos desta avaliação, bem como o predomínio de instrumentos de avaliação constituídos por questões fechadas, restringem consideravelmente a complexidade desse Sistema. Desse modo, defende-se neste trabalho que a ausência de negociação com os atores envolvidos nas avaliações consiste em um dos maiores entraves para que o SARESP se caracterize como objeto de reflexão acerca da qualidade da educação paulista.
This research main aim is to learn the most important characteristics of assessment applied by the School Performance Assessment System of São Paulo State (SARESP), implemented by the State Educational Department, in 1996. Such learning has as theoretical orientation the studies which see the assessment as a social-political factor, showing different conceptions in the different historical contexts of society, according to the ideological and pragmatic changes which occurred within this society, in a totally dialectical process. From this perspective, it is sought to understand which educational characteristics play a large part in the assessment applied by SARESP - the students performance, profiles of professionals at education, or the school dynamics. It was also necessary to understand the agreement between the SARESP main administrators and the ones involved in the assessment - headmasters, coordinators, teachers and students. The analysis developed by this study has shown that although SARESP has the potential to be characterized as a complex assessment system - beyond checking the school performance - the centralization of decisions concerning the important points and effects of this assessment, as well as the prevalence of assessment methods based on narrow questions, restrict considerably the complexity of this System. Therefore, it is stated in this research that the lack of negotiation between the people involved in the assessment consists on one of the biggest difficulties to have SARESP characterized as an object of reflection upon the quality of education in São Paulo State.
This research main aim is to learn the most important characteristics of assessment applied by the School Performance Assessment System of São Paulo State (SARESP), implemented by the State Educational Department, in 1996. Such learning has as theoretical orientation the studies which see the assessment as a social-political factor, showing different conceptions in the different historical contexts of society, according to the ideological and pragmatic changes which occurred within this society, in a totally dialectical process. From this perspective, it is sought to understand which educational characteristics play a large part in the assessment applied by SARESP - the students performance, profiles of professionals at education, or the school dynamics. It was also necessary to understand the agreement between the SARESP main administrators and the ones involved in the assessment - headmasters, coordinators, teachers and students. The analysis developed by this study has shown that although SARESP has the potential to be characterized as a complex assessment system - beyond checking the school performance - the centralization of decisions concerning the important points and effects of this assessment, as well as the prevalence of assessment methods based on narrow questions, restrict considerably the complexity of this System. Therefore, it is stated in this research that the lack of negotiation between the people involved in the assessment consists on one of the biggest difficulties to have SARESP characterized as an object of reflection upon the quality of education in São Paulo State.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gestão escolar, Sistema escolar, Education, School management
Como citar
SILVA, Hilda Maria Gonçalves da. Gestão educacional e sistemas de avaliação: os pressupostos ideológicos do SARESP e a trajetória das avaliações aplicadas entre 1996 e 2005. 2006. 116 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2006.