Diagnóstico ambiental na sub-bacia do Ribeirão Pouso Alegre com a utilização de um sistema de informação geográfica
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Data
2008-12-04
Autores
Castro, Leslie Ivana Serino [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A gestão ambiental de uma bacia hidrográfica visa garantir rentabilidade aos agricultores, gerar empregos e arrecadação aos municípios, barrar a exclusão social e o êxodo rural, sempre preservando o meio ambiente, promovendo a recuperação das áreas degradadas, bem como a qualidade e a quantidade das águas. Para garantir que o planejamento ambiental otimizado da gestão de conflitos de uso na área da bacia seja implementado, é necessário que novas tecnologias como, por exemplo, os Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) seja utilizado como ferramenta de apoio para a tomada de decisão. Com o objetivo de elaborar um diagnóstico ambiental para o planejamento e gestão eficiente dos recursos naturais na sub-bacia do Ribeirão Pouso Alegre no município de Jaú – SP foi criado um banco de dados a partir de um estudo detalhado de suas características como: solo, dados hidrometeorológicos, declividade, uso do solo, rede de drenagem, e para tanto, foi utilizado o SIG-SPRING. Esse diagnóstico apontou diferenças nas medidas de vazão, sendo o aumento na vazão dos córregos que compõem a sub-bacia na ordem de 22% a 35% em função da ocorrência de chuvas. Também foram apurados resultados do balanço hídrico de dados acumulados em 50 anos, onde se pode avaliar o comportamento dos Índices de Aridez e de Umidade na área da bacia. Através do cruzamento dos mapas de solo e declividade, foram encontradas as classes I, II, III e IV de Capacidade de Uso e com o cruzamento desse mapa com o Mapa de Uso Atual das terras foi verificada a existência de áreas que apresentam uso inadequado, nas terras identificadas como Classe IV, com declividade >12%. 2 A rede de drenagem da bacia em estudo foi atualizada através da sua digitalização tendo como base as fotografias aéreas de 2005 e foram comparadas com a rede de drenagem digitalizada das cartas do IGC, escala 1:10000, de 1980...
Environmental management of a river basin is intended to ensure profitability for farmers, create jobs and revenue to municipalities, spreading social exclusion and rural exodus, always preserving the environment, promoting the recovery of degraded areas, as well as the quality and quantity of water. To ensure that environmental planning optimal management of conflicts of use in the basin area is implemented, it is necessary that new technologies such as the Geographic Information System (GIS) is used as a tool to support the decision-making. Aiming to establish an environmental diagnosis for planning and efficient management of natural resources in the sub-basin of Ribeirao in the city of Pouso Alegre Jaú - SP was created a database from a detailed study of their characteristics such as soil, hydrometeorological data, slope, soil use, drainage network, and to that end, we used the GIS-SPRING. The diagnosis showed differences in measures of flow, and the increase in the flow of streams that make up the sub-basin in the order of 22% to 35% depending on the rainfall. Also cleared were results of the water balance of data accumulated in 50 years, where you can evaluate the behavior of Indices of aridity and humidity in the area of the basin. Through the crossing of the maps of soil and slope, we found the classes I, II, III and IV of capacity use and the crossing of the map with the Statement of Current Use of the land was checked for areas that have misuse, the land identified as Class IV, slope with> 12%. The network of drainage basin in the study was updated through its scan based on the aerial photographs from 2005 and were compared with the network of drainage scanned the letters from the IGC, 1:10000 scale, in 1980. Through this comparison was possible to observe a decrease of 60% in the amount of tax that make up the sub-basin of Pouso Alegre Stream...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Environmental management of a river basin is intended to ensure profitability for farmers, create jobs and revenue to municipalities, spreading social exclusion and rural exodus, always preserving the environment, promoting the recovery of degraded areas, as well as the quality and quantity of water. To ensure that environmental planning optimal management of conflicts of use in the basin area is implemented, it is necessary that new technologies such as the Geographic Information System (GIS) is used as a tool to support the decision-making. Aiming to establish an environmental diagnosis for planning and efficient management of natural resources in the sub-basin of Ribeirao in the city of Pouso Alegre Jaú - SP was created a database from a detailed study of their characteristics such as soil, hydrometeorological data, slope, soil use, drainage network, and to that end, we used the GIS-SPRING. The diagnosis showed differences in measures of flow, and the increase in the flow of streams that make up the sub-basin in the order of 22% to 35% depending on the rainfall. Also cleared were results of the water balance of data accumulated in 50 years, where you can evaluate the behavior of Indices of aridity and humidity in the area of the basin. Through the crossing of the maps of soil and slope, we found the classes I, II, III and IV of capacity use and the crossing of the map with the Statement of Current Use of the land was checked for areas that have misuse, the land identified as Class IV, slope with> 12%. The network of drainage basin in the study was updated through its scan based on the aerial photographs from 2005 and were compared with the network of drainage scanned the letters from the IGC, 1:10000 scale, in 1980. Through this comparison was possible to observe a decrease of 60% in the amount of tax that make up the sub-basin of Pouso Alegre Stream...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistemas de informação geografica, Gestão ambiental, Sub-bacia, Environmental management, GIS Spring, Sub-basin
Como citar
CASTRO, Leslie Ivana Serino. Diagnóstico ambiental na sub-bacia do Ribeirão Pouso Alegre com a utilização de um sistema de informação geográfica. 2008. x, 120 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.