Influência de pré-tratamentos com emulsões a base de lecitina e óleo de soja na cinética de secagem da uva rubi
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Data
2005-08-25
Autores
Pedro, Maria Angélica Marques [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho estudou-se a influência de pré-tratamentos químicos, com emulsões a base de óleo e lecitina de soja e carbonato de potássio, sobre a cinética de secagem da uva Rubi. A secagem foi conduzida em um secador de leito fixo, à temperatura fixa de 60ºC, velocidade de ar de 0,9 m/s e umidade relativa do ar de secagem do ambiente na faixa de 18 a 20 %. A umidade inicial das amostras de uva Rubi variou entre 81 a 84% (base seca) e o conteúdo de sólidos solúveis ficou em torno de 11o Brix. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar um pré-tratamento alternativo a base de lecitina e óleo de soja na cinética de secagem da uva Rubi, otimizando as concentrações dessas substâncias de modo a minimizar o tempo de secagem. Foram calculados os coeficientes de difusividade aparente a partir do ajuste dos dados experimentais de secagem pela solução analítica da 2a Lei de Fick para uma esfera. A desconsideração do encolhimento da fruta levou ao péssimo ajuste dos dados pela 2a Lei de Fick. As curvas de secagem foram ajustadas pelo modelo de Page. A avaliação deste modelo foi feita pelo cálculo do R2 (> 0,99) e do RMS (< 30%). Este ajuste representou satisfatoriamente os dados experimentais às curvas. A cinética de secagem foi avaliada pela análise estatística dos efeitos das condições do pré-tratamento químico - tempo de imersão da uva e concentração de lecitina, carbonato de potássio e óleo de soja nas emulsões - sobre o parâmetro K do modelo de Page. Observou-se que o tempo de imersão e suas interações com as concentrações dos componentes em estudo não foram significativos no nível de 5%. Quando todos os componentes são empregados nas máximas e mínimas concentrações testadas, mesmo para o mínimo tempo de imersão (3 minutos), há um aumento no valor do parâmetro K, o qual está diretamente ligado... Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
The influence of pretreatments of emulsions of lecithin, soya oil and potassium carbonate on drying kinetic of grape Rubi was studied in this work. The drying was carried out in a fixed bed dryer, at 60ºC, air velocity of 0,9 m/s and relative humidity of drying air in range from 18 to 20%. The initial moisture varied from 81 to 84% and soluble solids content was 11º Brix. The objective was to study an alternative pretreatment with lecithin, soya oil and potassium carbonate, optimizing the concentration of these substances with the aim of decrease the drying time. The apparent diffusion coefficients were calculated by the adjustment of the experimental data of drying by the analytical solution of the second Fick’s Law for a spherical geometry. The fruit shrinkage wasn’t taken in consideration. These carried out the bad adjustment of data by the second Fick`s Law. The drying curves were adjustment by Page’s model. The evaluation was goodness fit was shown through the analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2 > 0,99) and RMS (< 30%). This adjustment was good. The drying kinetics was valued through the statistical analysis of chemical pretreatment effects – dipping time of grape and concentration of lecithin, potassium carbonate and soya oil – on the parameter k of Page´s model. It was checked that dipping time and their interactions with the concentrations of the components in study were not significant in the level of 5%. When all components are spent in maximum and minimum concentration tested, even for the minimum dipping time (3 minutes), there is an increase in value of parameter K, which is straight into to the drying rate and reduction of drying time. The equilibrium moisture used in the calculation of adimensional for drying curves was obtained by isotherms data of Rubi grape without... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The influence of pretreatments of emulsions of lecithin, soya oil and potassium carbonate on drying kinetic of grape Rubi was studied in this work. The drying was carried out in a fixed bed dryer, at 60ºC, air velocity of 0,9 m/s and relative humidity of drying air in range from 18 to 20%. The initial moisture varied from 81 to 84% and soluble solids content was 11º Brix. The objective was to study an alternative pretreatment with lecithin, soya oil and potassium carbonate, optimizing the concentration of these substances with the aim of decrease the drying time. The apparent diffusion coefficients were calculated by the adjustment of the experimental data of drying by the analytical solution of the second Fick’s Law for a spherical geometry. The fruit shrinkage wasn’t taken in consideration. These carried out the bad adjustment of data by the second Fick`s Law. The drying curves were adjustment by Page’s model. The evaluation was goodness fit was shown through the analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2 > 0,99) and RMS (< 30%). This adjustment was good. The drying kinetics was valued through the statistical analysis of chemical pretreatment effects – dipping time of grape and concentration of lecithin, potassium carbonate and soya oil – on the parameter k of Page´s model. It was checked that dipping time and their interactions with the concentrations of the components in study were not significant in the level of 5%. When all components are spent in maximum and minimum concentration tested, even for the minimum dipping time (3 minutes), there is an increase in value of parameter K, which is straight into to the drying rate and reduction of drying time. The equilibrium moisture used in the calculation of adimensional for drying curves was obtained by isotherms data of Rubi grape without... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Alimentos desidratados, Uva - Secagem, Tecnologia de alimentos, Cinética de secagem, Uba rubi - Pré tratamento - Lecitina de soja, Uba rubi - Pré tratamento - Óleo de soja, Isotermas, Grape Rubi, Emulsions - Pretreatments
Como citar
PEDRO, Maria Angélica Marques. Influência de pré-tratamentos com emulsões a base de lecitina e óleo de soja na cinética de secagem da uva rubi. 2005. 104 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2005.