Perspectivas históricas da pesquisa operacional
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Data
2011-06-09
Autores
Chaves, Viviane Hengler Corrêa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A história da Pesquisa Operacional se insere na história dos grandes acontecimentos tecnológicos e científicos do século XX e fazer uma reconstituição histórica do seu surgimento e evolução é uma maneira de entender, além do desenvolvimento da matemática aplicada, a mobilização da ciência durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial e os contextos social e político que a originaram. Outra vertente dessa história é sua influência no surgimento de outras ciências e aplicações, cujos desdobramentos no período pós-guerra contribuíram para o aumento da racionalização da sociedade moderna. O aperfeiçoamento das técnicas da Pesquisa Operacional foi um fator determinante para o seu sucesso, sendo a Programação Linear uma das mais importantes. São apresentados os seus conceitos básicos e desenvolvidas as principais ideias do algoritmo Simplex para um caso extremamente simplificado. Outra técnica considerada e apresentada de forma bastante elementar é a Teoria dos Jogos. Não é o objetivo da pesquisa detalhar suas técnicas, mas sim entender suas origens que conduzem admiravelmente as histórias de seus grandes idealizadores Dantzig, Kantorovich, John von Neumann e Morgenstern. Os aspectos metodológicos e filosóficos da Pesquisa Operacional reverenciaram pensadores como John Dewey, Churchman e Capra, que são referências para entender o pensamento do homem moderno
The history of Operational Research (OR) is part of the history of great technological and scientific developments of the twentieth century and to rebuild its emergence and evolution is one way of understanding, further the development of applied mathematics, the mobilization of science during the Second World War and the social and political contexts from which it was originated. Another aspect of this story is its influence on the development of other sciences and applications, whose developments in the postwar period contributed to the increased rationalization of modern society. The improvement of Operational Research techniques was a determining factor for success, with Linear Programming one of the most important. Its basic concepts are given and developed the main ideas of the Simplex algorithm to extremely simplified cases. Game Theory is another technique considered and presented in a very elementary way. It is not the goal of research detailing its technique, but to understand its origins that lead the stories admirably of its great creators Dantzig, Kantorovich, John von Neumann and Morgenstern. Philosophical and methodological aspects of Operational Research revered thinkers like John Dewey, Churchman and Capra, who are references to understand the thinking of modern man
The history of Operational Research (OR) is part of the history of great technological and scientific developments of the twentieth century and to rebuild its emergence and evolution is one way of understanding, further the development of applied mathematics, the mobilization of science during the Second World War and the social and political contexts from which it was originated. Another aspect of this story is its influence on the development of other sciences and applications, whose developments in the postwar period contributed to the increased rationalization of modern society. The improvement of Operational Research techniques was a determining factor for success, with Linear Programming one of the most important. Its basic concepts are given and developed the main ideas of the Simplex algorithm to extremely simplified cases. Game Theory is another technique considered and presented in a very elementary way. It is not the goal of research detailing its technique, but to understand its origins that lead the stories admirably of its great creators Dantzig, Kantorovich, John von Neumann and Morgenstern. Philosophical and methodological aspects of Operational Research revered thinkers like John Dewey, Churchman and Capra, who are references to understand the thinking of modern man
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Palavras-chave
Pesquisa operacional, Programação linear, Teoria dos jogos, Matemática - História, Racionalização, Operational research, Rationalization
Como citar
CHAVES, Viviane Hengler Corrêa. Perspectivas históricas da pesquisa operacional. 2011. 117 f. Dissertação - (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2011.