Acidentes infantis: relatos de diretores e professores de ensino fundamental e análise do material didático
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Data
2008-09-16
Autores
Carvalho, Fausto Flor [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os acidentes infantis são uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade e um grave problema de saúde pública cuja solução exige ações multidisciplinares, com integrando ao menos os profissionais da saúde e da educação. Na faixa etária escolar, são hoje a principal causa de mortalidade em todo o país e podem ocorrer dentro da escola ou no seu entorno. A implantação das Escolas Promotoras de Saúde pode ser uma boa estratégia de enfrentamento deste problema, com a realização de ações para a prevenção de acidentes com toda a comunidade escolar. No entanto, poucos estudos têm se dedicado a abordar o tema. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os relatos dos diretores e professores sobre os acidentes infantis e verificar o conteúdo dos livros didáticos de ciências quanto ao tema prevenção de acidentes. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma cidade de pequeno porte do estado de São Paulo, com todas as sete escolas do ensino fundamental, com o total dos diretores das escolas de ensino fundamental e com 91,1% dos professores (123) e com os livros didáticos da matéria de ciências (43 livros). Utilizou-se gravador, canetas, papel sulfite, impressos (termos de consentimento, cartas de apresentação, roteiro de entrevista e questionário). Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com os diretores, aplicação dos questionários aos professores e análise dos livros didáticos disponíveis nas escolas. As transcrições das entrevistas foram categorizadas e analisadas por juízes, assim como as respostas abertas dos questionários. Os resultados das entrevistas apontam que os diretores percebem a ocorrência de acidentes nas escolas; acreditam, em sua maioria, que os acidentes podem ser evitados; relatam que os acidentes acontecem principalmente no pátio, durante o intervalo; referem que não existem atividades sistemáticas de prevenção de acidente...
The children’s injuries are one of the most important causes of morbility and mortality and a severe public health problem; their solution requires an effort of multiprofessional people, integrating Health and Education professionals. At school age, it’s the most frequent cause of mortality in whole country and can be ocurring in and beside schools. The instalation of Health Promoting Schools can be a strategy of facing this problem, by making educative actions of preventing accidents, with all school’s comunity. However, few studies have been dedicated to work with this theme. In this way, this study’s goal was to identify the school principals’ and basic schools teachers’ reports about children injuries and to verify sciences textbooks about this theme. The research was done in a small town of São Paulo State, with all schools principals (seven) and practically all basic school teachers (123 teachers, 91,1%) and the sciences textbooks (43 textbooks). It were used a voice recorder, pens, paper, schedules (agreement terms, introducing letters, interviews schedule and questionnaire). Individual interviews were made with the school principals, questionnaires were applied to teachers and adopted science textbooks were analyzed. The interviews were transcripted, categorized and analyzed by judges, as well the open answer questions of the questionnaire. The interviews results appointed that principals’ notice injuries occurrences at school. In most, they believe that injuries can be avoided, and that accidents happen most at break time, in the atrium. They referred there aren’t systematic activities of injury prevention, neither programmation to the future; they seemed to recognize the importance of out-school partners, as well the possibility of members of school community to action on this theme. In the questionnaires, such as the principals’ interviews, there were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The children’s injuries are one of the most important causes of morbility and mortality and a severe public health problem; their solution requires an effort of multiprofessional people, integrating Health and Education professionals. At school age, it’s the most frequent cause of mortality in whole country and can be ocurring in and beside schools. The instalation of Health Promoting Schools can be a strategy of facing this problem, by making educative actions of preventing accidents, with all school’s comunity. However, few studies have been dedicated to work with this theme. In this way, this study’s goal was to identify the school principals’ and basic schools teachers’ reports about children injuries and to verify sciences textbooks about this theme. The research was done in a small town of São Paulo State, with all schools principals (seven) and practically all basic school teachers (123 teachers, 91,1%) and the sciences textbooks (43 textbooks). It were used a voice recorder, pens, paper, schedules (agreement terms, introducing letters, interviews schedule and questionnaire). Individual interviews were made with the school principals, questionnaires were applied to teachers and adopted science textbooks were analyzed. The interviews were transcripted, categorized and analyzed by judges, as well the open answer questions of the questionnaire. The interviews results appointed that principals’ notice injuries occurrences at school. In most, they believe that injuries can be avoided, and that accidents happen most at break time, in the atrium. They referred there aren’t systematic activities of injury prevention, neither programmation to the future; they seemed to recognize the importance of out-school partners, as well the possibility of members of school community to action on this theme. In the questionnaires, such as the principals’ interviews, there were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação de crianças, Acidentes infantis, Prevenção de acidentes infantis, Promoção da saude, Children injury, Injury prevention, Health promotion
Como citar
CARVALHO, Fausto Flor. Acidentes infantis: relatos de diretores e professores de ensino fundamental e análise do material didático. 2008. 102 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências de Marília, 2008.