Análise de fauna, flutuação populacional e preferência pelo hábitat de Carabidae e Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) na região de Guaíra, Estado de São Paulo
Carregando...
Data
2008-02-25
Autores
Martins, Ivan Carlos Fernandes [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Amostrou-se adultos de Carabidae e Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) em duas áreas com fragmento florestal e cultura de soja/milho sob sistemas de plantio direto e convencional visando estudar a fauna desses coleópteros por meio de vários índices e analisar a flutuação populacional de espécies dominantes. Avaliou-se também a preferência e distribuição pelo hábitats estudados. As amostragens foram realizadas no período de novembro/2004 a abril/2007 em Guaíra, SP, sendo quinzenal no período de safra e mensal nas entressafras. Para a obtenção das amostras utilizou-se armadilhas de solo distribuídas em dois transectos de 200 m de comprimento, sendo 100 m na cultura e 100 m no fragmento. A fauna foi caracterizada pelos índices de diversidade, equitabilidade, abundância, dominância, freqüência e constância. A preferência das espécies pelo hábitat foi obtida por análise de agrupamento. A distribuição das espécies pelos hábitats foi determinada considerando-se os adultos capturados por armadilha ao longo do transecto. No sistema de plantio direto capturou-se maior número de espécies de carabídeos e estafilinídeos e os índices de equitabilidade e diversidade, indicaram que além de mais diversificada, apresentou abundância relativa das espécies mais homogênea que quando comparada com a observada no sistema de plantio convencional. Entre as espécies de carabídeos destacou-se Abaris basistriatus por ter se caracterizado como dominante na cultura e fragmento florestal das duas áreas experimentais. As espécies Scarites sp.4 e A. basistriatus geralmente apresentaram picos populacionais quando a cultura de soja contava menos de 30 dias de implantação, as demais espécies apresentaram picos populacionais que ocorreram em períodos variados das safras. A precipitação pluvial foi o fator meteorológico que apresentou maior número de correlações positivas seguida...
In this study it was sampled adults of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in two areas with forest fragment and soybean/corn crop in no-tillage and conventional tillage systems seeking to study the fauna of those coleopterons through several indexes and to analyze the population fluctuation of dominant species. It was also evaluated the preference and distribution by the studied habitats. The samplings were taken from november/2004 to april/2007 in Guaíra, SP, being biweekly in the crop period and monthly in the off-season crop. In order to obtain the samples it was used pitfall traps distributed in two transects of 200 m of length, being 100 m in the arable field and 100 m in the fragment. The fauna was characterized by the diversity indexes, equitability, abundance, dominance, frequency and constancy. The preference of the species for the habitat was obtained by cluster analysis. The distribution of the species for the habitats was determined considering the adults captured by trap along the transect. In the no-tillage system it was captured the largest number of carabid and staphylinid species, the equitability and diversity indexes indicated that the community of those beetles was shown best structured in that crop system when compared with the one observed in the conventional system. Among the carabid species it can be highlighted Abaris basistriatus for being characterized as dominant in the arable field and forest fragment of the two experimental areas. The species Scarites sp.4 and A. basistriatus usually presented population picks when the soybean crop counted less than 30 days of implantation, the other species showed population picks that happened in varied periods of the crops. The pluvial precipitation was the meteorological factor that presented the largest number of positive correlations proceeded by the minimum temperature of the ambient ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
In this study it was sampled adults of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in two areas with forest fragment and soybean/corn crop in no-tillage and conventional tillage systems seeking to study the fauna of those coleopterons through several indexes and to analyze the population fluctuation of dominant species. It was also evaluated the preference and distribution by the studied habitats. The samplings were taken from november/2004 to april/2007 in Guaíra, SP, being biweekly in the crop period and monthly in the off-season crop. In order to obtain the samples it was used pitfall traps distributed in two transects of 200 m of length, being 100 m in the arable field and 100 m in the fragment. The fauna was characterized by the diversity indexes, equitability, abundance, dominance, frequency and constancy. The preference of the species for the habitat was obtained by cluster analysis. The distribution of the species for the habitats was determined considering the adults captured by trap along the transect. In the no-tillage system it was captured the largest number of carabid and staphylinid species, the equitability and diversity indexes indicated that the community of those beetles was shown best structured in that crop system when compared with the one observed in the conventional system. Among the carabid species it can be highlighted Abaris basistriatus for being characterized as dominant in the arable field and forest fragment of the two experimental areas. The species Scarites sp.4 and A. basistriatus usually presented population picks when the soybean crop counted less than 30 days of implantation, the other species showed population picks that happened in varied periods of the crops. The pluvial precipitation was the meteorological factor that presented the largest number of positive correlations proceeded by the minimum temperature of the ambient ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodiversidade, Besouro, Plantio direto, Soja, Milho, Distribuição pelo hábitat, diversity, Ground beetle, no-tillage system, Glycine max, Distribuition by habitat, Zea mays
Como citar
MARTINS, Ivan Carlos Fernandes. Análise de fauna, flutuação populacional e preferência pelo hábitat de Carabidae e Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) na região de Guaíra, Estado de São Paulo. 2008. iv, 65 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.