Efeito de éster de sacarose sobre Bemisia tabaci biótipo B, sobre seu predador Chrysoperla externa e sobre o desenvolvimento de plantas de tomateiro e melão
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Data
2006-03-07
Autores
Bernardes, Maria Aparecida [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os ésteres de sacarose são uma classe de compostos produzidos através da reação de ácidos gordurosos e açúcares e que podem possuir ação inseticida. Com isso trata-se de um método alternativo de fonte renovável e de baixo custo. Assim, estudou-se o efeito de éster de sacarose sobre ovos, ninfas e adultos de Bemisia tabaci biótipo B; sobre ovos, larvas e adultos do predador Chrysoperla externa; e sobre o desenvolvimento de tomateiro e melão. Utilizou-se concentrações de 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 e 10 g/L do éster de sacarose. Os testes com ovos e ninfas de mosca-branca foram realizados sobre plantas de tomate e melão, enquanto o teste com adultos foi realizado em gaiolas de tela antiafídeo. O éster de sacarose causou mortalidade em ovos, ninfas e adultos de mosca branca. Para se avaliar o efeito do éster de sacarose sobre as diversas fases de C. externa utilizou-se o método do filme seco, método de imersão e aplicação tópica. No método do filme seco, o éster de sacarose foi inócuo para ovos e adultos de C. externa e levemente nocivo para larvas de 3o ínstar. Todavia, no método de imersão, a concentração de 10 g/L causou mortalidade média de 73,3% dos ovos, enquanto a pulverização sobre larvas e adultos causou 80,0% e 16,6 % de mortalidade, respectivamente. Sementes de tomate e melão foram imersas em soluções de éster de sacarose enquanto as plantas foram pulverizadas semanalmente A germinação e desenvolvimento das plântulas ou plantas não foram afetados.
Sucroesters are a class of compounds produced through the reaction between fat acids and sugars that can have insecticide properties. Thus, as they can be made using renewable sources and are inexpensive, they can be an alternative pest control method. The effect of sucroester on Bemisia tabaci B biotype eggs, nymphs and adults; Chrysoperla externa eggs, larvae and adults; tomato and melon plants development was studied. Concentrations from 0 to 10 g/L of the sucroester were tested. The essays on whitefly eggs and nymphs were carried out on tomato and melon plants, whereas the essay on adults was carried out using screened cages. The sucroester caused mortality of whitefly eggs, nymphs and adults. Both dry film and dip methods were used to evaluate the effect of sucroester on C. externa. In the dry film method, the sucroester did not cause any effect on eggs and adults of C. externa, and was considered innocuous. However, it was slightly noxious to the third instar larvae. On the other hand, in the dip method, the mortality of C. externa eggs caused by the concentration of 10 g/L was 73.3 %, whereas topic application on larvae and adults caused mortality of 80% and 16%, respectively. Tomato and melon seeds were dipped into sucroester solutions while the plants were sprayed weekly. The germination and development of seedlings and plants were not affected.
Sucroesters are a class of compounds produced through the reaction between fat acids and sugars that can have insecticide properties. Thus, as they can be made using renewable sources and are inexpensive, they can be an alternative pest control method. The effect of sucroester on Bemisia tabaci B biotype eggs, nymphs and adults; Chrysoperla externa eggs, larvae and adults; tomato and melon plants development was studied. Concentrations from 0 to 10 g/L of the sucroester were tested. The essays on whitefly eggs and nymphs were carried out on tomato and melon plants, whereas the essay on adults was carried out using screened cages. The sucroester caused mortality of whitefly eggs, nymphs and adults. Both dry film and dip methods were used to evaluate the effect of sucroester on C. externa. In the dry film method, the sucroester did not cause any effect on eggs and adults of C. externa, and was considered innocuous. However, it was slightly noxious to the third instar larvae. On the other hand, in the dip method, the mortality of C. externa eggs caused by the concentration of 10 g/L was 73.3 %, whereas topic application on larvae and adults caused mortality of 80% and 16%, respectively. Tomato and melon seeds were dipped into sucroester solutions while the plants were sprayed weekly. The germination and development of seedlings and plants were not affected.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tomate, Melão, Mosca branca, Sacarose, Crisopídeo, Whitefly, Green lacewing
Como citar
BERNARDES, Maria Aparecida. Efeito de éster de sacarose sobre Bemisia tabaci biótipo B, sobre seu predador Chrysoperla externa e sobre o desenvolvimento de plantas de tomateiro e melão. 2006. xiii, 78 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2006.