Estudo de imagem por tomografia espiral em suínos submetidos a enxerto ósseo mandibular autógeno e homógeno
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Data
2006-11-27
Autores
Silva, Marceli Moço [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Enxerto ósseo tem sido realizado objetivando prevenir ou corrigir defeitos ósseos oriundos de traumas ou intervenções cirúrgicas. Existem várias maneiras de se obter o osso doador, sendo o autógeno e o homógeno os que parecem ter uma melhor resposta tecidual. O estudo do tecido ósseo por métodos não invasivos se tornou possível a partir da descoberta dos raios X em 1895 e, com o advento da tomografia em meados de 1970, ocorreu uma evolução na radiologia convencional. A partir daí, disponibilizando-se a obtenção de cortes sem a sobreposição das estruturas, permitindo assim uma melhor resolução da imagem radiográfica. O presente experimento teve como propósito analisar o processo de reparo ósseo em imagens obtidas por tomografia espiral em suínos submetidos a enxerto de osso homógeno congelado, comparando-o com enxerto de osso autógeno. Os 12 animais foram sacrificados aos 7, 30, 60, e 90 dias pós-operatórios, quando as mandíbulas foram removidas para a realização das tomografias espirais. Observou-se que em todos os tempos pós-operatórios o enxerto autógeno foi o que obteve melhor resultado. Mostrava-se mais reabsorvido e unido ao tecido ósseo e com radiopacidade semelhante à do tecido ósseo adjacente, além de ausência de reabsorção óssea ao redor dos mesmos. Em contrapartida, o enxerto homógeno se apresentava menos reabsorvido e na maioria das vezes, com sinal de reabsorção do tecido ósseo adjacente. Além dos melhores resultados com o enxerto autógeno, o estudo permitiu concluir que, a tomografia espiral foi um exame competente para avaliação dos enxertos, bem como o modelo experimental (suíno), foi perfeitamente viável para o estudo do tecido ósseo.
Bone graft has been accomplished aiming to prevent or correct bone defects originating of traumas or surgical interventions. Several techniques exist of obtaining the bone donor, being the autogenous and the homogenous then that seem have a better tissue reaction. The study of the bone tissue for methods non invasive became possible as from the discovery of the rays X in 1895 and, with the coming of the tomography in the middle of 1970, happened an evolution in the conventional radiology. Since then, making possible the obtainment of cuts without the overexposure of the structures, allowing a better resolution of the image radiographic. The present experiment had as purpose to analyze by the spiral tomography the process of bone repair in swine submitted to graft of bone frozen homogenous, being compared with graft of autogenous bone. The 12 animals were sacrificed to the 7, 30, 60, and 90 postoperative days, when the mandibulae were removed for the accomplishment of the spiral tomography. It was observed that in every postoperative time the autogenous graft was what obtained better result. It showed more reabsorbed and united to the bone tissue and with radiopacity similar to the one of the adjacent bone tissue, besides absence of bone reabsorption about of the same ones. In compensation, the graft homogenous came less reabsorbed and most of the time, with sign of reabsorption of the adjacent bone tissue. Besides best results with the autogenous graft, the study allowed to conclude that the spiral tomography went a competent exam to evaluation of the grafts, as well as the experimental model (swine), was practicable perfect for study bone tissue.
Bone graft has been accomplished aiming to prevent or correct bone defects originating of traumas or surgical interventions. Several techniques exist of obtaining the bone donor, being the autogenous and the homogenous then that seem have a better tissue reaction. The study of the bone tissue for methods non invasive became possible as from the discovery of the rays X in 1895 and, with the coming of the tomography in the middle of 1970, happened an evolution in the conventional radiology. Since then, making possible the obtainment of cuts without the overexposure of the structures, allowing a better resolution of the image radiographic. The present experiment had as purpose to analyze by the spiral tomography the process of bone repair in swine submitted to graft of bone frozen homogenous, being compared with graft of autogenous bone. The 12 animals were sacrificed to the 7, 30, 60, and 90 postoperative days, when the mandibulae were removed for the accomplishment of the spiral tomography. It was observed that in every postoperative time the autogenous graft was what obtained better result. It showed more reabsorbed and united to the bone tissue and with radiopacity similar to the one of the adjacent bone tissue, besides absence of bone reabsorption about of the same ones. In compensation, the graft homogenous came less reabsorbed and most of the time, with sign of reabsorption of the adjacent bone tissue. Besides best results with the autogenous graft, the study allowed to conclude that the spiral tomography went a competent exam to evaluation of the grafts, as well as the experimental model (swine), was practicable perfect for study bone tissue.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Transplante homologo, Mandíbula, Tomografia computadorizada espiral, Densidade óssea, Bone and bones, Tomography, spiral computed, Transplantation, autologous, Mandible
Como citar
SILVA, Marceli Moço. Estudo de imagem por tomografia espiral em suínos submetidos a enxerto ósseo mandibular autógeno e homógeno. 2006. 82 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2006.