Ontogenia do trato digestório e desenvolvimento gonadal de Betta splendens: aspectos morfológicos
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2013-02-27
Autores
Silva, Regiane Cristina da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Betta splendens destaca-se como uma das espécies ornamentais mais cultivadas no mundo. Dentre os fatores que determinam o sucesso de criação, estão aqueles relacionados às alterações morfológicas do trato digestório e o desenvolvimento normal das gônadas. Este estudo objetivou acompanhar e registrar o desenvolvimento do trato digestório e gonadal do B. splendens por meio de técnicas de histologia e de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As larvas foram obtidas a partir de reprodução natural, mantidas sob cuidado parental do macho e coletadas em tempos préestabelecidos durante o desenvolvimento. Em cada tempo de coleta, os peixes foram anestesiados em solução de bezoncaína, pesados e fixados em formol 4% tamponado e também em Karnovsky modificado. A temperatura da água durante a ontogênese foi de 28,0±2,0ºC e o pH 6,9±0,3. A eclosão ocorreu 28 horas pós-fertilização. Neste momento, as larvas apresentavam-se com trato digestório incompleto, sendo visualizado um tubo reto e simples com um epitélio constituído por uma camada de células colunares na região ventral e posterior da larva, representando o intestino primitivo. Com 18 horas pós-eclosão (hpe) foi observada a abertura bucal e dentes maxilares. O tubo digestório estava totalmente aberto com 32 hpe e a língua apresentava botões gustativos e melanóforos na região dorsal com 40 hpe. A absorção total do saco vitelínico ocorreu com 74 hpe, quando foi observado conteúdo no estômago e intestino. Neste período, o trato digestório e glândulas anexas estavam totalmente diferenciados e funcionais. Levando em consideração o hábito alimentar e suas particularidades, o conhecimento morfofuncional do trato digestório se faz necessário para estabelecer dietas que atendam às exigências desta espécie, visando melhorias...
The Betta splendens highlights like one of the most cultivated ornamental fish in the world. Among the factors that determine the success of rearing, are factors related to morphological changes of the digestive tract and normal development of the gonads. This study aimed to monitor and record changes in the digestive tract morphology and gonadal development of B. splendens by techniques of histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The larvae were obtained from natural reproduction and were kept under male parental care and collected in pre-established time of development. At each sampling time, fish were anesthetized in a solution of bezoncaine, weighed and fixed in 4% buffered formaldehyde y and either in modified Karnovsk solution. The water temperature during ontogeny was 28.0 ± 2.0 °C and pH 6.9 ± 0.3. The hatching occurred at 28 hours after fertilization. At this time the larvae presented an incomplete digestive system, being viewed as a straight tube lined by a simple epithelium that consisted by a layer of columnar cells located in the ventral and posterior regions of the larva, representing the primitive gut. At 18 hours post-hatching (hph) was observed the mouth opening, and maxillary teeth. The digestive tract was totally opened at 32 hph and tongue showed taste buds and melanophores in the dorsal region at 40 hpe. The total absorption of the yolk sac occurred at 74 hph, when feed particles were observed into the stomach and intestine. In this period, the digestory tract and annexes glands were fully differentiated and functional. Taking in consideration the feeding habit and your peculiarities, the morphofunctional knowledge of the digestory tract becomes necessary for estabilish diets that meet the requirements of this species, looking for improvement in the productive performance and health of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The Betta splendens highlights like one of the most cultivated ornamental fish in the world. Among the factors that determine the success of rearing, are factors related to morphological changes of the digestive tract and normal development of the gonads. This study aimed to monitor and record changes in the digestive tract morphology and gonadal development of B. splendens by techniques of histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The larvae were obtained from natural reproduction and were kept under male parental care and collected in pre-established time of development. At each sampling time, fish were anesthetized in a solution of bezoncaine, weighed and fixed in 4% buffered formaldehyde y and either in modified Karnovsk solution. The water temperature during ontogeny was 28.0 ± 2.0 °C and pH 6.9 ± 0.3. The hatching occurred at 28 hours after fertilization. At this time the larvae presented an incomplete digestive system, being viewed as a straight tube lined by a simple epithelium that consisted by a layer of columnar cells located in the ventral and posterior regions of the larva, representing the primitive gut. At 18 hours post-hatching (hph) was observed the mouth opening, and maxillary teeth. The digestive tract was totally opened at 32 hph and tongue showed taste buds and melanophores in the dorsal region at 40 hpe. The total absorption of the yolk sac occurred at 74 hph, when feed particles were observed into the stomach and intestine. In this period, the digestory tract and annexes glands were fully differentiated and functional. Taking in consideration the feeding habit and your peculiarities, the morphofunctional knowledge of the digestory tract becomes necessary for estabilish diets that meet the requirements of this species, looking for improvement in the productive performance and health of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Palavras-chave
Peixe ornamental, Peixe - Larva, Peixe - Histologia, Gônadas, Ontogenia, Ovários, Fishes
Como citar
SILVA, Regiane Cristina da. Ontogenia do trato digestório e desenvolvimento gonadal de Betta splendens: aspectos morfológicos. 2013. viii, 84 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Centro de Aquicultura de Jaboticabal, 2013.