Avaliação agronômica e modo de reprodução de híbridos intraespecíficos de Brachiaria decumbens
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Data
2012-11-23
Autores
Mendonça, Simony Alves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da avaliação de híbridos de B. decumbens em parcelas sob cortes, visando identificar aqueles com melhor produtividade e valor nutritivo para futuros ensaios regionais. Cinquenta híbridos intraespecíficos, oriundos do cruzamento de três plantas sexuais tetraploidizadas artificialmente e a cv. apomítica Basilisk, foram avaliados em campo experimental na Embrapa Gado de Corte, em Campo Grande-MS, num delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e cinco plantas por parcela. O ensaio foi implantado por meio de mudas e a cv. Basilisk utilizada como testemunha. A metodologia de modelos mistos REML/BLUP foi utilizada nas analises estatísticas. Em seis cortes, foram avaliados os seguintes caracteres agronômicos: produção de massa seca total (MST) e de lâminas foliares (MSF), porcentagem de lâminas (%F), relação lâmina foliar:colmo (RFC), capacidade de rebrota (Reb); e de valor nutritivo: proteína bruta (PB), digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica (DIVMO), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e lignina, separadamente para folha e colmo. A média BLUP de produtividade entre os cortes de MST foi de 968,9 kg.ha-1, sendo que 32 híbridos apresentaram produção superior a cv. Basilisk. Para as variáveis MSF e %F, 43 e 47 híbridos apresentaram médias BLUP superiores à testemunha, respectivamente. Para a RFC média BLUP dos híbridos foi de 2,4; para Reb 22 híbridos se mostraram superiores a cv. Basilisk. Para PB nas laminas foliares todos os híbridos avaliados foram superiores à testemunha. O uso de índice de seleção com diferentes pesos atribuídos entre os caracteres avaliados não causou grandes alterações no ranqueamento dos híbridos. Foi possível identificar híbridos apomíticos e sexuais superiores à cv. Basilisk
This paper presents the evaluation of hybrids of B. decumbens in small plots under cutting in order to identify those with improved productivity and nutritional value for future agronomic trials. Fifty intraspecific hybrids from crosses between three artificially tetraploidized sexual plants and the apomictic cultivar Basilisk were evaluated at Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande-MS, in a randomized complete block design, in four replications with five plants per plot. The plots were established by cuttings and the cultivar Basilisk was the control. The mixed model methodology REML / BLUP was used in the statistical analysis. The following agronomic characteristics were evaluated in six cuts,: total dry matter production (TDM), leaf dry matter production (LDM), leaf percentage (%L), leaf:stem ratio (L:S) and regrowth (R); and also the following nutritional value characteristics: crude protein (CP), in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and lignin separately for leaf and stem. The mean BLUP productivity of TDM was 968.9 kg.ha-1, and 32 hybrids produced more than cv. Basilisk. For variables LDM and %L, 43 and 47 hybrids had BLUP averages higher than the control, respectively. The L:S BLUP mean for all hybrids was 2.4; 22 hybrids showed better regrowth (R) than cv. Basilisk. For CP in the leaf blades all hybrids were superior to the control. The use of selection indices with different weights assigned among traits caused no major changes in the ranking of hybrids. It was possible to identify superior apomictic and sexual hybrids compared to cv. Basilisk
This paper presents the evaluation of hybrids of B. decumbens in small plots under cutting in order to identify those with improved productivity and nutritional value for future agronomic trials. Fifty intraspecific hybrids from crosses between three artificially tetraploidized sexual plants and the apomictic cultivar Basilisk were evaluated at Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande-MS, in a randomized complete block design, in four replications with five plants per plot. The plots were established by cuttings and the cultivar Basilisk was the control. The mixed model methodology REML / BLUP was used in the statistical analysis. The following agronomic characteristics were evaluated in six cuts,: total dry matter production (TDM), leaf dry matter production (LDM), leaf percentage (%L), leaf:stem ratio (L:S) and regrowth (R); and also the following nutritional value characteristics: crude protein (CP), in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and lignin separately for leaf and stem. The mean BLUP productivity of TDM was 968.9 kg.ha-1, and 32 hybrids produced more than cv. Basilisk. For variables LDM and %L, 43 and 47 hybrids had BLUP averages higher than the control, respectively. The L:S BLUP mean for all hybrids was 2.4; 22 hybrids showed better regrowth (R) than cv. Basilisk. For CP in the leaf blades all hybrids were superior to the control. The use of selection indices with different weights assigned among traits caused no major changes in the ranking of hybrids. It was possible to identify superior apomictic and sexual hybrids compared to cv. Basilisk
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Brachiaria decumbens, Melhoramento genetico, Plantas forrageiras, Brachiaria decumbers, Breeding, Forage plants
Como citar
MENDONÇA, Simony Alves. Avaliação agronômica e modo de reprodução de híbridos intraespecíficos de Brachiaria decumbens. 2012. iv, 51 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Univerdade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia de Botucatu, 2012.