Estudo genético prospectivo de recém-nascidos e natimortos com defeitos congênitos
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Data
2010-02-26
Autores
Oliveira, Camila Ive Ferreira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os defeitos congênitos resultam de causas genéticas e não genéticas, afetam cerca de 3 a 5% dos recém-nascidos e são reconhecidos como uma das maiores causas de morbidade e mortalidade no primeiro ano de vida, além de serem a causa de muitas mortes embrionárias e fetais. Possuem etiologia e fatores de risco variados, muitos ainda desconhecidos. Dados epidemiológicos brasileiros são escassos. O estudo dos fatores epidemiológicos pode ampliar o conhecimento sobre tais defeitos e propiciar estratégias de prevenção, além do Aconselhamento Genético adequado para as famílias envolvidas. O presente trabalho realizou um estudo genético clínico prospectivo de todos os recém-nascidos e natimortos com defeitos congênitos atendidos no período de um ano no Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto/SP (HB), com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência, caracterizar em tipos de doenças, diagnósticos ou categorias diagnósticas, verificar as possíveis causas e consequências dos defeitos. Para cada criança foi realizada a análise cariotípica (nos casos indicados), a avaliação física, o registro fotográfico, análise de dados de prontuário médico e coleta de informações complementares com a família. Foram estudados 110 indivíduos, 103 recém-nascidos e sete natimortos. A prevalência foi de 2,8%. Em 82% dos casos o diagnóstico específico pode ser sugerido. Os defeitos congênitos de etiologia genética foram mais frequentes que os de etiologia não genética. Os de herança multifatorial foram os mais freqüentes (29%), seguidos dos de etiologia heterogênea (22%), monogênica (19%), desconhecida (13,5%), cromossômica (12%) e ambiental (4,5%). A idade materna, a consangüinidade parental e a predisposição familial (presença de defeitos congênitos na família) foram alguns fatores de risco identificados. A maioria dos afetados eram prematuros e a hospitalização...
Birth defects, resulting from genetic and non-genetic causes, affect about 3 to 5% of newborns and are recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality within the first year of life, as well as being the cause of many embryonic and fetal deaths. Not infrequently the varied etiology and risk factors remain unknown. Brazilian epidemiological data are scarce. The study of epidemiological factors may increase knowledge about these defects and make prevention strategies and genetic counseling possible for affected families. This work constitutes a prospective clinical genetic study of all newborn and stillborn infants with birth defects seen over one year in Hospital de Base in São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, in order to estimate the prevalence, characterize the disease types, diagnoses or diagnostic categories and evaluate possible causes and consequences of the defects. Karyotypic analysis, a physical assessment, photographic records, an analysis of the patients’ medical records and the collection of additional information with the family was performed for each infant. The study assessed 103 newborn and 7 stillborn subjects. The prevalence of birth defects was of 2.8%. A specific diagnosis was suggested in 82% of cases. Genetically-related birth defects were more prevalent than those with non-genetic etiology. Infants with multifactorial inheritance patterns were the most common (29%), followed by heterogeneous etiology (22%), monogenic inheritance patterns (19%), unknown (13,5%), chromosomal etiologies (12%) and environmental factors (4.5%). Maternal age, parental consanguinity and family susceptibility (the presence of defects in the family) were some of the identified risk factors. Most affected infants were premature and the most commonly observed consequences were prolonged hospital stays and death. Hence, birth defects are frequent in the population; several causes are... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Birth defects, resulting from genetic and non-genetic causes, affect about 3 to 5% of newborns and are recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality within the first year of life, as well as being the cause of many embryonic and fetal deaths. Not infrequently the varied etiology and risk factors remain unknown. Brazilian epidemiological data are scarce. The study of epidemiological factors may increase knowledge about these defects and make prevention strategies and genetic counseling possible for affected families. This work constitutes a prospective clinical genetic study of all newborn and stillborn infants with birth defects seen over one year in Hospital de Base in São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, in order to estimate the prevalence, characterize the disease types, diagnoses or diagnostic categories and evaluate possible causes and consequences of the defects. Karyotypic analysis, a physical assessment, photographic records, an analysis of the patients’ medical records and the collection of additional information with the family was performed for each infant. The study assessed 103 newborn and 7 stillborn subjects. The prevalence of birth defects was of 2.8%. A specific diagnosis was suggested in 82% of cases. Genetically-related birth defects were more prevalent than those with non-genetic etiology. Infants with multifactorial inheritance patterns were the most common (29%), followed by heterogeneous etiology (22%), monogenic inheritance patterns (19%), unknown (13,5%), chromosomal etiologies (12%) and environmental factors (4.5%). Maternal age, parental consanguinity and family susceptibility (the presence of defects in the family) were some of the identified risk factors. Most affected infants were premature and the most commonly observed consequences were prolonged hospital stays and death. Hence, birth defects are frequent in the population; several causes are... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Genetica humana, Anomalias humanas - Aspectos genéticos, Recém-nascido, Natimorto, Recém-nascido - Malformações congênitas, Recém-nascido - Defeitos congênitos, Birth defects, Congenital malformation, Genetic study, Newbor, Stillborn
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Camila Ive Ferreira. Estudo genético prospectivo de recém-nascidos e natimortos com defeitos congênitos. 2010. 81 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2010.