Reação de genótipos de tangerinas a Alternaria alternata e Elsinoe fawcettii: resistência, suscetibilidade e acúmulo de metabólitos
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2009-08-17
Autores
Souza, Marcelo Claro de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivos: (i) selecionar genótipos de tangerinas resistentes a infecção por Alternaria alternata, e estabelecer relações entre níveis de severidade da doença entre folhas e frutos, (ii) avaliar a contribuição de metabólitos na resistência de folhas maduras de tangerinas a A. alternata, (iii) selecionar genótipos de tangerina resistentes a infecção por Elsinoe fawcettii. Para tais experimentos foram utilizados 22 genótipos de tangerina pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma da Estação experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, Bebedouro-SP. (i) Dentre os materiais genéticos resistentes, foram constatados quatro genótipos de clementinas (Citrus clementina), seis mandarinas, sendo duas pertencentes a C. reticulata, duas a C. tangerina, uma a C. deliciosa e uma a C. nobilis; um tangelo (C. tangerina x C. paradisi); dois híbridos de mandarinas, sendo um resultante do cruzamento entre C. nobilis x C. deliciosa, e o outro de C. clementina x C. reticulata; um híbrido de tangor (C. clementina x C. sinensis) e dois híbridos de satsumas (C. unshiu x C. deliciosa.). Também foi constatado indícios de relação entre severidade de doença em folhas jovens destacadas e incidência natural de doença em frutos. (ii) Ao final dos experimentos, não foi observado influência desses metabólitos na defesa das folhas maduras de tangerina a MMA. (iii) Dente os genótipos avaliados, foram observados 10 materiais genéticos resistentes a verrugose. Dentre estes materiais, observou-se que os genótipos Commune, Caffin, Bruno, Burgess, Peau Lisse, Zanzibar, Beuty of Glen Retreat, Rode King e Encore também se apresentaram resistentes a MMA. Estes materiais são promissores para o cultivo de tangerinas em áreas de ocorrência destas doenças, e poderão contribuir com futuros trabalhos de melhoramento genético para resistência a MMA e verrugose.
The aims of this work were: (i) select tangerine genotypes resistant to Alternaria alternata infection and classify relative degrees of disease severity among leaves and fruits, in order to ultimately control the pathogen; (ii) evaluate metabolites contribuition on mature leaves of tangerines to A. alternata; (iii) select tangerine genotypes resistant to Elsinoe fawcettii. For such experiments 22 tangerines genotypes from germoplasm bank at Estação experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, Bebedouro-SP were used. (i) Among the resistant genetic materials, four clementines genotypes (Citrus clementina), six mandarines, being two of C. reticulata, two C. tangerina, one C. deliciosa and one C. nobilis; one tangelo (C. tangerina x C. paradisi); two mandarines hybrids, being one resulted between C. nobilis x C. deliciosa crossing, and other at C. clementina x C. reticulata; one tangor hybrid (C. clementina x C. sinensis) and two satsumas hybrids (C. unshiu x C. deliciosa) were found. A consistent relationship was noted among level of susceptibility in leaves (as evaluated following either natural infection or artificial inoculation), severity and susceptibility of fruit, suggesting a new methodology for diagnosis, identification and selection of Citrus spp. varieties resistant to A. alternata. (ii) At the end of experiments, it was not found any relationship between the presence of these metabolites and resistance to MMA on tangerines mature leaves. (iii) Among the genotypes evaluated, 10 genetic materials resistant to scab were observed. Finally, Commune, Caffin, Bruno, Burgess, Peau Lisse, Zanzibar, Beuty of Glen Retreat, Rode King and Encore cultivars, being resistant to A. alternata and also to E. fawcettii, exhibited good agronomic characteristics and, consequently, show a promising economic exploration.
The aims of this work were: (i) select tangerine genotypes resistant to Alternaria alternata infection and classify relative degrees of disease severity among leaves and fruits, in order to ultimately control the pathogen; (ii) evaluate metabolites contribuition on mature leaves of tangerines to A. alternata; (iii) select tangerine genotypes resistant to Elsinoe fawcettii. For such experiments 22 tangerines genotypes from germoplasm bank at Estação experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, Bebedouro-SP were used. (i) Among the resistant genetic materials, four clementines genotypes (Citrus clementina), six mandarines, being two of C. reticulata, two C. tangerina, one C. deliciosa and one C. nobilis; one tangelo (C. tangerina x C. paradisi); two mandarines hybrids, being one resulted between C. nobilis x C. deliciosa crossing, and other at C. clementina x C. reticulata; one tangor hybrid (C. clementina x C. sinensis) and two satsumas hybrids (C. unshiu x C. deliciosa) were found. A consistent relationship was noted among level of susceptibility in leaves (as evaluated following either natural infection or artificial inoculation), severity and susceptibility of fruit, suggesting a new methodology for diagnosis, identification and selection of Citrus spp. varieties resistant to A. alternata. (ii) At the end of experiments, it was not found any relationship between the presence of these metabolites and resistance to MMA on tangerines mature leaves. (iii) Among the genotypes evaluated, 10 genetic materials resistant to scab were observed. Finally, Commune, Caffin, Bruno, Burgess, Peau Lisse, Zanzibar, Beuty of Glen Retreat, Rode King and Encore cultivars, being resistant to A. alternata and also to E. fawcettii, exhibited good agronomic characteristics and, consequently, show a promising economic exploration.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tangerina, Verrugose, Mancha marrom de alternaria, Metabólitos, Citrus scab, Alternaria brown spot, Metabolites
Como citar
SOUZA, Marcelo Claro de. Reação de genótipos de tangerinas a Alternaria alternata e Elsinoe fawcettii: resistência, suscetibilidade e acúmulo de metabólitos. 2009. xii, 70 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.