Ultra e micro filtração para clarificação de suco de yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) na obtenção de xarope rico em frutanos
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Data
2003-08
Autores
Gibertoni, Cristiane Fátima [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar ultra e microfiltração para clarificação de suco de yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) na obtenção de xarope rico em frutanos. Procedeu-se um ensaio inicial de ultra e microfiltração de suco de yacon produzido sem que as raízes tivessem sido submetidas a processo de branqueamento. Este ensaio demonstrou que, embora tenha ocorrido clarificação do permeado em função da filtração tangencial, houve escurecimento enzimático das raízes, resultando em produtos mais escuros do que os oriundos de raízes submetidas ao branqueamento. Os ensaios seguintes objetivaram avaliar os processos de filtração tangencial, utilizando-se de temperaturas de 20, 40, 60 e 80°C. Observou-se aumento do fluxo de permeado em função do aumento da temperatura. Análises de umidade, sólidos totais, cinzas, açúcares redutores, acidez total, proteínas, °Brix e pH feitas nos sucos de alimentação, permeados e retentatos, demonstraram que o aumento da temperatura não interferiu nas características químicas dos produtos, embora ocorra clarificação dos permeados. Escolheu-se a temperatura de 40°C para dar continuidade aos trabalhos. Procedeuse a seguir ensaios combinando pressões transmembrana de 2 e 4 bar com velocidades tangenciais de 2 e 4 m/s. Verificou-se que a combinação de pressão transmembrana 2 bar com velocidade tangencial de 4 m/s resultou em maior fluxo de permeado. As análises químicas demonstraram não haver interferência da pressão e velocidade na composição química dos permeados e retentatos, em relação aos sucos de alimentação. Para conhecer a variabilidade de fluxos de permeado durante a operação do piloto foram feitos testes de repetibilidade. As baixas variabilidades de resultados de fluxo médio permitiram concluir que as condições utilizadas... .
The objective of this work was to utilize ultrafiltration and microfiltration techniques for the clarification of yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) juice, in obtainment of rich contents of fructans syrup. An initial essay of ultrafiltration and microfiltration was carried out with yacon’s juice produced without the submission of the roots to the bleaching process. This essay demonstrated that there was enzymatic browning of the roots, though occurs permeate clarifies due to the tangential filtration, resulting in darker products than the roots submitted to the bleaching process. The next essays seek to evaluate the tangential filtration process, by testing temperatures of 20, 40, 60, and 80oC. It was observed an increase of the permeate flow following the temperature increase. Moisture, total solids, ash, reducer sugars, total acidity, proteins, oBrix, and pH’s analysis of the feed juices, permeates and retentates demonstrated that the temperature rise didn’t interfere in the products chemical attributes, though occurs the clarify of the permeates. The temperature of 40oC was chosen for the continuity of the works. Following essays were made by combination of transmembrane pressure of 2 and 4 bars with tangential velocities of 2 and 4 m/s. It was verified that the transmembrane pressure of 2 bar with tangential velocity of 4m/s combination resulted in a greatest permeate flux. The chemical analysis demonstrated that there isn’t pressure and velocity’s interference in permeates and retentates chemical composition regarding to the feed juices. Repeated tests were made to know the permeate flux variability during the equipment operation. The low variabilities of the medium flux results permitted to conclude that the used conditions can be reproduced without problems. The best combinations of temperature, velocity, and pressure were utilized in essays with crescent Volumetric... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The objective of this work was to utilize ultrafiltration and microfiltration techniques for the clarification of yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) juice, in obtainment of rich contents of fructans syrup. An initial essay of ultrafiltration and microfiltration was carried out with yacon’s juice produced without the submission of the roots to the bleaching process. This essay demonstrated that there was enzymatic browning of the roots, though occurs permeate clarifies due to the tangential filtration, resulting in darker products than the roots submitted to the bleaching process. The next essays seek to evaluate the tangential filtration process, by testing temperatures of 20, 40, 60, and 80oC. It was observed an increase of the permeate flow following the temperature increase. Moisture, total solids, ash, reducer sugars, total acidity, proteins, oBrix, and pH’s analysis of the feed juices, permeates and retentates demonstrated that the temperature rise didn’t interfere in the products chemical attributes, though occurs the clarify of the permeates. The temperature of 40oC was chosen for the continuity of the works. Following essays were made by combination of transmembrane pressure of 2 and 4 bars with tangential velocities of 2 and 4 m/s. It was verified that the transmembrane pressure of 2 bar with tangential velocity of 4m/s combination resulted in a greatest permeate flux. The chemical analysis demonstrated that there isn’t pressure and velocity’s interference in permeates and retentates chemical composition regarding to the feed juices. Repeated tests were made to know the permeate flux variability during the equipment operation. The low variabilities of the medium flux results permitted to conclude that the used conditions can be reproduced without problems. The best combinations of temperature, velocity, and pressure were utilized in essays with crescent Volumetric... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ultrafiltração, Yacon - Suco, Ultrafiltration
Como citar
GIBERTONI, Cristiane Fátima. Ultra e micro filtração para clarificação de suco de yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) na obtenção de xarope rico em frutanos. 2003. viii, 88 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.