Biologia floral e fragrâncias das flores de Passiflora L
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Data
2013-02-26
Autores
Villamil Montero, Daniel Antonio [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As flores das espécies do gênero Passiflora têm recebido especial atenção por sua extraordinária beleza e complexidade da corola além de suas intensas fragrâncias. A presença de tecidos secretores de compostos voláteis (CVS) nas flores de Passiflora é muito variável, têm grande importância ecológica e prospecção econômica. Atualmente, só se tem registro dos CVs das fragrâncias florais de algumas poucas espécies, obtidos por meio de diferentes metodologias, com resultados variáveis. Durante os anos 2011 e 2012 foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa em parceria UNESP/FCA - Botucatu e Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) para estudar parâmetros da biologia floral e obter a primeira coleção brasileira dos perfis químicos das fragrâncias florais de cinco espécies de Passiflora L. (Passiflora edulis Sims., P. alata Curtis., P. cincinnata Mast., P. coccinea Aubl. e P. quadrangularis L.). As cinco espécies foram cultivadas em ambiente protegido. Os compostos voláteis das fragrâncias das flores de cada espécie foram capturados com a técnica de Headspace dinâmico (HSD) e as fragrâncias avaliadas através de teste olfativo. A análise da composição química das fragrâncias foi conduzida em cromatógrafo a gás acoplado a espectrômetro de massas e a identificação dos constituintes químicos foi efetuada através dos índices de retenção (IR) seguido da análise comparativa dos espectros de massas com diferentes bancos de dados especializados. Os resultados demonstraram que as espécies estudadas apresentam diferenças significativas na biologia floral, relacionados com o período de floração, desenvolvimento dos botões florais, numero e tamanho das flores produzidas. As composições químicas das fragrâncias florais das espécies estudadas têm grande diversidade interespecífica, assim como interessante potencial na...
The flowers of the species from the genus Passiflora have received special attention for its extraordinary beauty, complexity of the corona and for their intense fragrances. The presence of volatile compounds (VCs) secreting tissues in the flowers of Passiflora is highly variable and have major ecological and economic survey. Currently, there are records of the VCOs of floral fragrances from a few species, obtained by different methods with varying results. During the years 2011 and 2012 a research was carried out as a master´s dissertation in partnership between the UNESP-Botucatu/IAC, to study the floral behaviors and developed the first Brazilian collection of the chemical profiles from the floral fragrances of five species of Passiflora L. ( Passiflora edulis Sim, P. alata Curtis., P. cincinnata Mast., P. coccinea Aubl. and P. quadrangularis L.). The five species were grown in a greenhouse following specific recommendations. The fragrances of the flowers from each species were evaluated by sensory test and the VCOS were collected with the technique of Dynamic Headspace (DHS). The analyses of the chemical composition of fragrances were conducted using a gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometer. The identification of the chemical constituents was carried through the calculation of retention indices (RI) followed by comparative analysis of mass spectra with different specialized databases. The results of the flowering period, development of floral buds, size and number of flower produced showed significative differences between the studied species. Also, the chemical compositions of the floral fragrances from the studied species had large interspecific diversity, as well as interesting potential in the fragrance industry, particularly the floral fragrance of P. alata. The olfactive analysis revealed that this species is highly promissory due... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The flowers of the species from the genus Passiflora have received special attention for its extraordinary beauty, complexity of the corona and for their intense fragrances. The presence of volatile compounds (VCs) secreting tissues in the flowers of Passiflora is highly variable and have major ecological and economic survey. Currently, there are records of the VCOs of floral fragrances from a few species, obtained by different methods with varying results. During the years 2011 and 2012 a research was carried out as a master´s dissertation in partnership between the UNESP-Botucatu/IAC, to study the floral behaviors and developed the first Brazilian collection of the chemical profiles from the floral fragrances of five species of Passiflora L. ( Passiflora edulis Sim, P. alata Curtis., P. cincinnata Mast., P. coccinea Aubl. and P. quadrangularis L.). The five species were grown in a greenhouse following specific recommendations. The fragrances of the flowers from each species were evaluated by sensory test and the VCOS were collected with the technique of Dynamic Headspace (DHS). The analyses of the chemical composition of fragrances were conducted using a gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometer. The identification of the chemical constituents was carried through the calculation of retention indices (RI) followed by comparative analysis of mass spectra with different specialized databases. The results of the flowering period, development of floral buds, size and number of flower produced showed significative differences between the studied species. Also, the chemical compositions of the floral fragrances from the studied species had large interspecific diversity, as well as interesting potential in the fragrance industry, particularly the floral fragrance of P. alata. The olfactive analysis revealed that this species is highly promissory due... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Passiflora - Floração, Flores - Composição, Analise cromatografica, Flores aromáticas, Flowers - Odour
Como citar
VILLAMIL MONTERO, Daniel Antonio. Biologia floral e fragrâncias das flores de Passiflora L. 2013. vi, 52 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.